<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovando, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos, Pablo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oviedo, José L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Private Net Benefits from Afforesting Marginal Cropland and Shrubland with Cork Oaks in Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cost-benefit analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">government grants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">market incomes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">private amenity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">567 - 577</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We estimate the private net benefits from afforesting marginal shrubland and cropland with cork oaks at two Spanish cork oak sites, Aljibe and Gavarres, in different time horizon frames. The analysis integrates market and nonmarket (landowner amenity) private capital incomes, including government afforestation grants. We apply cost-benefit analysis techniques for estimating the investment present value in the periods analyzed, taking residual values of cork oak woodland into account. The results show that the profitability rate of cork oak afforestation strongly depends on government subsidies. The value of private amenities, at least in Aljibe, seems to be positively affected by the forest area's share of the total estate surface. Thus, an increase in the afforested area would enhance the private amenity annual income with respect to maintaining the original property land's treeless uses. A higher level of private amenities attached to the forest area may imply a reduction in government grants for encouraging cork oak afforestation.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos, Pablo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovando, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Does private income support sustainable agroforestry in Spanish dehesa?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land Use Policy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amenities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monte</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak silviculture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rural development policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total income</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264837707000889</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">510 - 522</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak woodland dehesa suffers from the aging of trees without a natural regeneration of young oaks coming in to replace them. Recent European Union (EU) policy reforms for rural development focus on supporting multifunctional agriculture that complies with the EU’s environmental goals, such as mitigating biodiversity losses and climate change. Such reforms could result in government support for natural woodland regeneration practices in European agroforestry systems, which are recognized for providing valuable environmental services. Managing dehesa cork oak and holm oak woodlands to stimulate the growth of new oaks could be an efficient option for maintaining, and even increasing, the dehesa’s current carbon stock and biodiversity. Here we develop and apply a new agroforestry accounting system based on the concept of Hicksian income to a dehesa in the Monfragu¨ e area of western Spain, using primary microeconomic data from a large case study. Private total income and profitability rates are measured for individual goods and services, and for the entire dehesa in a steady state. Our application extends the EU system of accounts for agriculture and forestry by including private amenity consumption by landowners and the gain or loss in human-made and natural capital. We compare an actual typical unsustainable woodland management scenario with an ideal sustainable management scenario in which there is a continuous regeneration and recruitment of holm and cork oaks as predicted by silvicultural models. The results show that, given current land use policy incentives, allowing a slow depletion of oak trees is more profitable for a dehesa private landowner than maintaining the dehesa’s trees. As a result many dehesa environmental services are gradually lost. This market failure requires new land use policies that induce private land owners to invest in the renewal of aging oak woodlands. To evaluate the impacts of this new policy, we show how private landowner income is affected when changes are made to achieve sustainable management of dehesa oaks. More research is needed in order to understand how the dehesa’s landowner market income and private amenities trade-off can affect the owner’s land use preferences and decisions.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos, Pablo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovando, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Does private income support sustainable agroforestry in Spanish dehesa?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land Use Policy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amenities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monte</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak silviculture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rural development policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total income</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">510-522</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak woodland dehesa suffers from the aging of trees without a natural regeneration of young oaks coming in to replace them. Recent European Union (EU) policy reforms for rural development focus on supporting multifunctional agriculture that complies with the EU’s environmental goals, such as mitigating biodiversity losses and climate change. Such reforms could result in government support for natural woodland regeneration practices in European agroforestry systems, which are recognized for providing valuable environmental services. Managing dehesa cork oak and holm oak woodlands to stimulate the growth of new oaks could be an efficient option for maintaining, and even increasing, the dehesa’s current carbon stock and biodiversity. Here we develop and apply a new agroforestry accounting system based on the concept of Hicksian income to a dehesa in the Monfragu¨ e area of western Spain, using primary microeconomic data from a large case study. Private total income and profitability rates are measured for individual goods and services, and for the entire dehesa in a steady state. Our application extends the EU system of accounts for agriculture and forestry by including private amenity consumption by landowners and the gain or loss in human-made and natural capital. We compare an actual typical unsustainable woodland management scenario with an ideal sustainable management scenario in which there is a continuous regeneration and recruitment of holm and cork oaks as predicted by silvicultural models. The results show that, given current land use policy incentives, allowing a slow depletion of oak trees is more profitable for a dehesa private landowner than maintaining the dehesa’s trees. As a result many dehesa environmental services are gradually lost. This market failure requires new land use policies that induce private land owners to invest in the renewal of aging oak woodlands. To evaluate the impacts of this new policy, we show how private landowner income is affected when changes are made to achieve sustainable management of dehesa oaks. More research is needed in order to understand how the dehesa’s landowner market income and private amenities trade-off can affect the owner’s land use preferences and decisions.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovando, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos, Pablo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestaciones con encina y alcornoque en el área de la dehesa en el marco del</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revista Española de estudios agrosociales y pesqueros</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alcornoque (PG)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cambio de uso</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">encina</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forestación de tierras agrarias</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">214</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">173-186</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La Unión Europea adopta en el año 1992 una serie de medidas de acompañamiento a la reforma de la política agraria común. La política de abandono de tierras agrícolas dedicadas a cultivos excedentarios fue incentivada mediante ayudas a su forestación, reguladas por el Reglamento 2080/1992. Esta intervención pública ha tenido en el área de la dehesa española una influencia favorable a la expansión de sus dos especies forestales más emblemáticas: la encina (Quercus ilex) y el alcornoque (Quercus suber ). La superficie forestada con encina y alcornoque entre 1993 y 2000 supera las 281.000 hectáreas en las comunidades autónomas de Andalucía, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura y Madrid, que concentran alrededor del 95 por ciento de la superficie forestada con ambas especies en España. Este estudio tiene como objetivo ofrecer un análisis descriptivo de los efectos de las forestaciones con encina y alcornoque en los cambios de usos del suelo, así como la influencia que ha tenido la distribución del gasto público en las Comunidades Autónomas del área de la dehesa, en aplicación del Reglamento (CE) 2080/1992.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovando, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campos, Pablo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestaciones con encina y alcornoque en el área de la dehesa en el marco del</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revista Española de estudios agrosociales y pesqueros</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alcornoque (PG)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cambio de uso</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">encina</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forestación de tierras agrarias</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">214</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">173 - 186</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La Unión Europea adopta en el año 1992 una serie de medidas de acompañamiento a la reforma de la política agraria común. La política de abandono de tierras agrícolas dedicadas a cultivos excedentarios fue incentivada mediante ayudas a su forestación, reguladas por el Reglamento 2080/1992. Esta intervención pública ha tenido en el área de la dehesa española una influencia favorable a la expansión de sus dos especies forestales más emblemáticas: la encina (Quercus ilex) y el alcornoque (Quercus suber ). La superficie forestada con encina y alcornoque entre 1993 y 2000 supera las 281.000 hectáreas en las comunidades autónomas de Andalucía, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura y Madrid, que concentran alrededor del 95 por ciento de la superficie forestada con ambas especies en España. Este estudio tiene como objetivo ofrecer un análisis descriptivo de los efectos de las forestaciones con encina y alcornoque en los cambios de usos del suelo, así como la influencia que ha tenido la distribución del gasto público en las Comunidades Autónomas del área de la dehesa, en aplicación del Reglamento (CE) 2080/1992.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cañellas, Isabel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calama, Rafael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sánchez Martín, Manuel Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFLUENCIA DE LA ENCINA SOBRE LA PRODUCCIÓN Y LA COMPOSICIÓN DEL PASTO: CONSECUENCIAS SOBRE EL MANEJO SILVOPASTORAL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IV Congreso Forestal Español</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">comunidad de anuales</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">modelos selvicultura</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El ecosistema de dehesa se extiende por más de 3x106 ha del O y SO peninsulares. Pese a su gran importancia económica y ecológica, su persistencia a corto plazo se encuentra amenazada, fundamentalmente por la falta de regeneración del arbolado y los cambios socioeconómicos. Por ello, resulta urgente desarrollar modelos de selvicultura que aseguren un desarrollo sostenible. El árbol es la base del sistema, influyendo, entre otros, sobre la producción animal, el suelo y la biodiversidad. Cualquier modelo selvícola a desarrollar deberá incluir los diversos factores del sistema, los cuales resultan diferentes a los de los ecosistemas forestales clásicos fundamentados en la producción de madera. En este estudio se realiza una aproximación a la influencia del arbolado adulto aislado sobre una comunidad herbácea de especies anuales. Para ello se ha estudiado en un año lluvioso la producción y composición del pasto en ocho distancias proporcionales al radio de copa según orientaciones NE y SO. La influencia del arbolado se deja sentir hasta el doble del radio de copa y de un modo diferencial según orientaciones, siendo más productivo el pasto situado al SO. La producción se incrementa significativamente bajo la copa en ambas orientaciones, aumentándose la proporción de gramíneas respecto del exterior</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: IV Congreso Forestal Español&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: Zaragoza</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gea Izquierdo, Guillermo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cañellas, Isabel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calama, Rafael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sánchez Martín, Manuel Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFLUENCIA DE LA ENCINA SOBRE LA PRODUCCIÓN Y LA COMPOSICIÓN DEL PASTO: CONSECUENCIAS SOBRE EL MANEJO SILVOPASTORAL</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IV Congreso Forestal Español</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">comunidad de anuales</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">modelos selvicultura</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaragoza</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El ecosistema de dehesa se extiende por más de 3x106 ha del O y SO peninsulares. Pese a su gran importancia económica y ecológica, su persistencia a corto plazo se encuentra amenazada, fundamentalmente por la falta de regeneración del arbolado y los cambios socioeconómicos. Por ello, resulta urgente desarrollar modelos de selvicultura que aseguren un desarrollo sostenible. El árbol es la base del sistema, influyendo, entre otros, sobre la producción animal, el suelo y la biodiversidad. Cualquier modelo selvícola a desarrollar deberá incluir los diversos factores del sistema, los cuales resultan diferentes a los de los ecosistemas forestales clásicos fundamentados en la producción de madera. En este estudio se realiza una aproximación a la influencia del arbolado adulto aislado sobre una comunidad herbácea de especies anuales. Para ello se ha estudiado en un año lluvioso la producción y composición del pasto en ocho distancias proporcionales al radio de copa según orientaciones NE y SO. La influencia del arbolado se deja sentir hasta el doble del radio de copa y de un modo diferencial según orientaciones, siendo más productivo el pasto situado al SO. La producción se incrementa significativamente bajo la copa en ambas orientaciones, aumentándose la proporción de gramíneas respecto del exterior</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cañellas, Isabel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montero, Gregorio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The influence of cork oak pruning on the yield and growth of cork</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ann. For. Sci.</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork Production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pruned biomass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pruning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2002061</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">753 - 760</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bearing in mind the importance of pruning as a silvicultural treatment in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) open woodland of the dehesa type, an experiment was designed to assess the effect of pruning on cork yield. This work was carried out in two ways: synchronically, comparing pruned sites with others which were either unpruned or pruned at different times, and diachronically, comparing pruned and unpruned trees within the same site. The five test sites (with forty trees in the synchronic and eighty in the diachronic plots) were selected in south-west Spain. In all cases measurements of the cork production were made in kilos per square metre of surface stripped, total cork yield per tree, and the mean thickness of stripped cork. Analysis was carried out using a paired data comparison test. The effect of pruning on yearly cork growth was also analysed by examining the annual growth rings. In the five plots analysed there were no significant differences (95% confidence intervals) between pruned and unpruned trees in terms of kilos of cork produced per square metre of surface stripped, nor for total cork yield per tree. Neither were there significant differences in annual cork growth rings, even when the pruning was carried out during the cork-stripping period.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue></record></records></xml>