<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiménez, M. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinto, J. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ripoll, M. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanchez-Miranda, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navarro, F. B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restoring silvopastures with oak saplings: effects of mulch and diameter class on survival, growth, and annual leaf-nutrient patterns</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry Systems</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1007</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ballota á saplings á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">contains supple-</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DBH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dehesa á mulch á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">electronic supplementary material the</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulch</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">online version of</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quercus ilex subsp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">quercus ilex subsp. ballota</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s10457-014-9737-y</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saplings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semi-arid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semi-arid á dbh á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">this article</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">88</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">935-946</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Southwestern Spain, multifunctional silvopastoral systems consisting of pastureland and open oak woodlands are known as Dehesas. These, and other similar systems of the Mediterranean basin, are currently threatened by increasing intensive land use. As a consequence, oak regeneration is declining and is in need of adequate management and active restoration. Traditional restoration practices outplant one-year-old, nursery-produced oak seedlings grown in 250–350 cm3 containers, but establishment and growth results are typically poor. This work examines holm oak (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) grown in a non-conventional container size (24 l) and age (6–7 years) with three mulch treatments (control, stone, and straw). In an open Dehesa of SE Spain, 106 oak saplings were planted in March 2010, and survival, diameter at breast height (DBH), and leaf-nutrient concentrations were analyzed. Forty months after planting, all treatments showed high survival (81 %) but only straw-mulched saplings differed significantly (94 %) from control (74 %). DBH increased over time but showed no significant differences among mulch treatments. Saplings with high initial DBH showed the greatest growth and change in DBH at the end of the study period. Leaf- nutrient concentrations changed significantly in the year following outplanting. Bi-monthly foliar nutrient concentration data show decreases in P, K, Zn, and B and sharp increases in Ca and Fe. In this work, we provide some evidence concerning the viability of non-conventional oak size for restoring, regenerating, or building up new agroforestry or silvopastoral systems. A combination of saplings with more than 10 mm of DBH and straw mulch is recommended.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiménez, M. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández-Ondoño, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ripoll, M. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navarro, F. B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallego, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Simón, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lallena, a. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simón, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lallena, a. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of different post-planting treatments on the development in Holm oak afforestation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">á semi-arid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afforestation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">afforestation á post-planting treatments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">holm oak á nutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-planting treatments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">semi-arid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer-Verlag</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">443-455</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This work examines the inﬂuence of different post-planting treatments in the development of afforested Holm oak, Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp., in an abandoned agricultural ﬁeld in SE Spain. A total of nine post-planting treatments were carried out: tilling spring and autumn in different years, spreading of organic and inorganic mulch, irrigation in different periods. Soil preparation prior to planting consisted of digging of a hole with a backhoe excavator of 80 HP and homogenized the proﬁle characteristics. Survival, nutrient concentrations in both leaves and soil, and foliage surface have been studied. Dryseason irrigation every 2 weeks provided the best survival rate (98.3%), while mulching with solid urban wastes caused the worst results (6.6%). The supply of forest debris increased the N, K, and Mn concentrations at all depths with respect to the other treatments, and the solid urban waste had the same effect in N, P, K, Na, Cu, Fe, and Zn. All the foliar nutrients decreased in 2005 with respect to the 2004 sampling, except in N, Cu, and Zn. The use of foliar nutrient concentrations, together with the increase in leaf surface is proposed as a non-destructive index of development and of forestation stands in the ﬁrst stages of growth. The application of forest debris, and particularly the placement of boulders in the beds of individual trees proved most effective in sapling development.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>