<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air biomonitoring of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons near a cement plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">industrial-urban-remote areas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf accumulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olea europaea L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.atmospolres.com/articles/Volume5/issue2/APR-14-032.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">262 - 269</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomonitoring studies, based on pollutant accumulation analyses in tree leaves, allow evaluating the impact caused by air-dispersed pollutants on ecosystems, providing useful data, complementary to those obtained by instrumental monitoring. In particular, leaves of sclerophylls present morphological characteristics, such as the presence of hairs and of a tick cuticle, making them particularly useful in bioaccumulation studies. The first aim of this research was to compare heavy metal (HM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) leaf accumulation capabilities of two Mediterranean tree species. The second aim was to evaluate the impact of a cement plant and/ or of other anthropogenic activities occurring in industrial and urban areas on HM and PAH depositions. For these purposes, holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves collected along a transect industrial-urban-remote sites in southern Italy were employed. A different accumulation degree was observed for the two species. For HMs, Q. ilex leaves had the highest concentrations. The results showed that the influence of the cement plant emissions on pollutant concentrations was substantial in the area closer to clinker production and storage with the highest Pb, Ni, V, Cr, Fe, indeno(1,2,3-c, d) pyrene, benzo(g, h, i) perylene and benzo(a) anthracene leaf concentrations. However, Q. ilex leaves showed high HM and PAH concentrations also in the urban site, in relation to vehicular traffic emissions and depositions. The comparison of the results of the present study with those from the literature indicates that the overall air quality of the studied sites is not particularly compromised, also in proximity of the cement production. The use of holm oak should be preferred in biomonitoring due to its wider distribution compared to O. europaea.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY&lt;br/&gt;publisher: TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES &amp; CONTROL-TUNCAP</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arena, Carmen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Maio, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santorufo, Lucia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitale, Luca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Eco-Physiological Performance of Quercus ilex L. Leaves in Urban Area by an Integrated Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAH and metal contamination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PARP activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q. ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">225</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant physiological performance may be endangered in contaminated urban areas. Metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content in Quercus ilex leaves mainly reflects air pollution, being for these pollutants traceable the translocation from soil. In this work, in a field study, the responses at structural and functional level of Q. ilex leaves to metal and PAH pollution were assessed by an integrated approach. At this purpose, morphological (functional traits), biochemical (pigment content, antioxidant capacity, and PARP activity), and physiological (partitioning of absorbed light in the photosynthetic process) analyses were performed in leaves collected at urban parks and roadsides. Compared to the leaves of the urban parks, those sampled at the roadsides showed higher metal and PAH accumulation. The most contaminated leaves showed smaller leaf sizes and lower relative water and pigment content, as well as a lower photochemistry. In this circumstance, the excess of absorbed light at PSII was mainly dissipated via non-regulated than heat processes. On the basis of the biochemical analyses, the occurrence of DNA damages in contaminated Q. ilex leaves may be hypothesized.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grosso, Felicia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temussi, Fabio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicola, Flavia De</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water-extractable organic matter and enzyme activity in three forest soils of the Mediterranean area</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Soil Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1H NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">beech and oak forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beech and oak forest ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C-degrading enzymes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil heterotrophic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WEOM</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Masson SAS</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15-22</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil enzyme activities mediate key ecosystem functions of degradation, transformation and carbon mineralization. The study of microbial activity and its relations with water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) can be crucial to understand the dynamics of soil organic carbon pool. We investigated FDA-hydrolytic, β-glucosidase, cellulase, o-diphenol oxidase activities in soils under Fagus sylvatica (beech), Quercus ilex (holm-oak) and Quercus cerris (turkey-oak) stands. We investigated WEOM by liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, useful to highlight the major functionalities in this fraction of soil organic matter. The highest enzyme activities, on mass basis, were recorded in soil under beech, with the highest organic carbon content. Reporting enzyme activities on organic carbon basis, it was possible to reveal enzyme enrichment for β-glucosidase and diphenol oxidase activities in soil under turkey-oak, with low organic matter. The 1H NMR spectra of WEOM highlighted a great richness of soluble organic compounds in soils with high organic carbon content, such as beech and holm-oak soils. All spectra are dominated by carbohydrate resonances. Spectra of WEOM from each stand exhibited specific signals. In WEOM from holm-oak, signals from substituted aliphatics account for up 28% of the total spectrum; in this sample signals from acetic and formic acids predominate, likely relating to the lower microbial utilization, according to the low heterotrophic (FDA-hydrolytic) activity. Only in WEOM from beech, signals from aromatics were detected probably related to the lower lignin degradation in soil, as expressed by the low phenol oxidase activity. However, the relationships among WEOM quality, tree species and microbial activity need further investigations.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rota, Emilia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caruso, Tancredi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monaci, Fabrizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iovieno, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bargagli, Roberto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of soil pollutants, biogeochemistry and microbiology on the distribution and composition of enchytraeid communities in urban and suburban holm oak stands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enchytraeids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean urban communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil biogeochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terrestrial annelids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0269749113002273</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">268 - 276</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oaks form typical urban woodlands in the Mediterranean region. We aimed at characterizing the enchytraeid communities in these environments and searching for possible correlations with soil pa- rameters, including the traffic contamination. Samples of litter and topsoil were collected at different spatial scales and seasons in Naples and Siena cities and in two suburban stands. Only the co-variation between pollution and other soil chemico-physical factors showed significant effects, whereas no direct effect of soil microbiology was detected. Some thermophilous Fridericia and Achaeta tolerate high con- centrations of heavy metals and PAHs and their abundance was mainly determined by Ca bioavailability. Central-European mesophilous species increased significantly under more temperate environmental conditions. Different combinations of soil cohesiveness, grain size composition and moisture regime seem to select species of certain body sizes. </style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rota, Emilia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caruso, Tancredi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monaci, Fabrizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iovieno, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bargagli, Roberto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of soil pollutants, biogeochemistry and microbiology on the distribution and composition of enchytraeid communities in urban and suburban holm oak stands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enchytraeids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean urban communities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil biogeochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terrestrial annelids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">268-276</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oaks form typical urban woodlands in the Mediterranean region. We aimed at characterizing the enchytraeid communities in these environments and searching for possible correlations with soil pa- rameters, including the traffic contamination. Samples of litter and topsoil were collected at different spatial scales and seasons in Naples and Siena cities and in two suburban stands. Only the co-variation between pollution and other soil chemico-physical factors showed significant effects, whereas no direct effect of soil microbiology was detected. Some thermophilous Fridericia and Achaeta tolerate high con- centrations of heavy metals and PAHs and their abundance was mainly determined by Ca bioavailability. Central-European mesophilous species increased significantly under more temperate environmental conditions. Different combinations of soil cohesiveness, grain size composition and moisture regime seem to select species of certain body sizes. </style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murena, Fabio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costagliola, M. Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldantoni, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prati, M. Vittoria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sessa, Ludovica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spagnuolo, Valeria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giordano, Simonetta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A multi-approach monitoring of particulate matter, metals and PAHs in an urban street canyon</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">metals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moss bags</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naples urban area</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAHs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollutant dispersion model</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4969 - 4979</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">For the first time until now, the results from a prediction model (Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling System (ADMS)-Road) of pollutant dispersion in a street canyon were compared to the results obtained from biomonitors. In particular, the instrumental monitoring of particulate matter (PM10) and the biomonitoring of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 11 metals by Quercus ilex leaves and Hypnum cupressiforme moss bags, acting as long- and short-term accumulators, respectively, were carried out. For both PAHs and metals, similar bioaccumulation trends were observed, with higher concentrations in biomonitors exposed at the leeward canyon side, affected by primary air vortex. The major pollutant accumulation at the leeward side was also predicted by the ADMS-Road model, on the basis of the prevailing wind direction that determines different exposure of the street canyon sides to pollutants emitted by vehicular traffic. A clear vertical (3, 6 and 9 m) distribution gradient of pollutants was not observed, so that both the model and biomonitoring results suggested that local air turbulences in the street canyon could contribute to uniform pollutant distribution at different heights.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Claudia, Lancellotti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MariaVittoria, Prati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giulia, Maisto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anna, Alfani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomonitoring of PAHs by using Quercus ilex leaves: Source diagnostic and toxicity assessment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carcinogenic PAH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf age</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf dry weight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf lipid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAH diagnostic ratio</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxic equivalent factor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1352231010010484</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1428 - 1433</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex L. leaves were sampled at nineteen urban sites and two remote sites in order to evaluate PAH contamination degree. One-, two- and three-year-old leaves were collected and leaf lipid content was measured to investigate the inﬂuence of leaf age and lipids in PAH accumulation. Some PAH diagnostic ratios, such as Ant/Ant þ Phen, Flt/Flt þ Pyr, B[a]A/B[a]A þ Crys and IP/IP þ B[g,h,i]P, were calculated. The results suggest that Q. ilex leaves are effective biomonitors of PAH air contamination: in fact, a great PAH accumulation in leaves from the urban areas, until 30-time higher compared to those from the remote sites, has been observed. At each site, the similar total PAH concentrations in leaves of different age, probably due to a canopy effect, indicate an ability of all leaf age classes to monitor local PAH concentrations in air, remarking practical implications for air biomonitoring. The ﬁndings suggest that PAH adsorption in Q. ilex leaves does not result limited by leaf lipid content. Moreover, this study demonstrates the source-diagnostic potential of Q. ilex leaves, because, in particular, the Flt/Flt þ Pyr and IP/ IP þ B[g,h,i]P ratios indicate vehicular trafﬁc as the main source of PAHs in the urban areas and wood combustion in the remote areas. Moreover, to distinguish biomass combustion source, a promising tracer PAH as DB[a,h]A could be used. The high contribution of DB[a,h]A to total PAH concentrations at the remote sites determines a high carcinogenic potential in this area, similar to that calculated for the urban area where the carcinogenic PAH concentrations in absolute values are often higher.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D’Ambrosio, Nicola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of the Mediterranean Urban Environment on Photosynthetic Efficiency of Quercus ilex Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chlorophyll fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">environmental stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf ageing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">leaf gas exchange</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthetic pigments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">urban</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">urban environmental stress</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s11270-011-0742-8http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11270-011-0742-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">220</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">151 - 160</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1127001107428</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental constrains and anthropogenic changes can contribute simultaneously to the limitation of plant performance in Mediterranean urban areas. Photosynthetic efficiency of Quercus ilex L. leaves from the urban area of Naples was evaluated by comparison with leaves from remote site (Vesuvius National Park). The photosynthetic performance of leaves with different age (current year [CY], 1- [1Y] and 2-year old [2Y]) was assessed by measurements of gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and pigment contents. The photosynthetic activity at the urban site was higher than that at the remote site for the CY leaves, while the opposite was observed for the 1Y and 2Y leaves. The growth of Q. ilex trees was mainly sustained by the CY leaves at the urban site, whereas at the remote site the photosynthetic activity was not affected by leaf ageing. In the urban environment, Q. ilex leaves strongly decreased the photosynthetic performance with leaf ageing as highlighted by leaf gas exchanges, although the photochemistry did not show any significant change. The mature leaves of urban site drove the reductive power deriving from the photochemistry more in nonassimilative processes rather than in carbon assimilative ones, avoiding a strong decrease of PSII photochemical efficiency</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prati, Maria Vittoria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations in PAH concentrations in Quercus ilex L. (holm oak) leaves in an urban area.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naples (Italy)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAH biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pah leaf accumulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic Hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal trend</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16182861</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">432 - 440</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in leaves of a Mediterranean evergreen oak, Quercus ilex L., were investigated in order to assess the suitability of this species to biomonitor PAH air contamination. Leaf samples were collected at six sites of the urban area of Naples (Italy) and at a control site in the Vesuvius National Park, in May and September 2001, and in January and May 2002. PAH extraction was conducted by sonication in dichloromethane-acetone and quantification by GC-MS. In winter, leaf total PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, values 2-fold higher than in all the other samplings, reflecting the temporal trend reported for PAH air contamination in the Naples urban area. Moreover, leaf PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, a decrease in May 2002 after the winter accumulation. At the control site leaf PAH concentrations showed lower values and smaller temporal variations than at the urban sites. The findings support the suitability of Q. ilex leaves to monitor temporal variations in PAH contamination. The highest winter concentrations of total PAHs were due to the medium molecular weight PAHs that increased with respect to both low and high molecular weight PAHs. The medium molecular weight PAHs showed the same temporal trend both at the urban and remote sites.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 16182861</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Nicola, Flavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maisto, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prati, Maria Vittoria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfani, Anna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations in PAH concentrations in Quercus ilex L. (holm oak) leaves in an urban area.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemosphere</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aromatic: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Monitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Pollutants: analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean evergreen oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naples (Italy)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAH biomonitoring</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pah leaf accumulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Leaves: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polycyclic Hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal trend</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">61</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">432-440</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temporal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in leaves of a Mediterranean evergreen oak, Quercus ilex L., were investigated in order to assess the suitability of this species to biomonitor PAH air contamination. Leaf samples were collected at six sites of the urban area of Naples (Italy) and at a control site in the Vesuvius National Park, in May and September 2001, and in January and May 2002. PAH extraction was conducted by sonication in dichloromethane-acetone and quantification by GC-MS. In winter, leaf total PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, values 2-fold higher than in all the other samplings, reflecting the temporal trend reported for PAH air contamination in the Naples urban area. Moreover, leaf PAH concentrations showed, at all the urban sites, a decrease in May 2002 after the winter accumulation. At the control site leaf PAH concentrations showed lower values and smaller temporal variations than at the urban sites. The findings support the suitability of Q. ilex leaves to monitor temporal variations in PAH contamination. The highest winter concentrations of total PAHs were due to the medium molecular weight PAHs that increased with respect to both low and high molecular weight PAHs. The medium molecular weight PAHs showed the same temporal trend both at the urban and remote sites.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16182861</style></accession-num></record></records></xml>