<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baeza, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santana, V. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pausas, J. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, V. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional trends in standing dead biomass in Mediterranean basin species</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Vegetation Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early and late species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flammability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retaining dead fuel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species replacement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional stages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">woody species</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01262.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">467 - 474</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Question: Landscape models of fire occurrence in ecosystems assume that the time since the last fire determines vegetation flammability by enabling the accumulation of dead biomass. In this study we ask if Mediterranean basin shrublands respond to these models or, on the contrary, if initial successional stages in these ecosystems could be more flammable than later stages. Location: Mediterranean shrubland in the Valencia region, eastern Spain. Methods: Using different stages of vegetation development (5, 9, 14 and 26 years since the last fire), we first study the structural comiosition of the above-ground biomass in 375 individuals of nine woody species. Then, we measure how the standing dead biomass varies during succession, taking into account the surface cover of each species and the quantity of total dead biomass accumulated in different successional stages (3, 9, 14 and 26 years since the last fire). Results: The largest amount of standing dead biomass at the plant community level is observed in the middle stages of the succession. Early successional species, such as Cistus spp., Ulex parviflorus and Pinus halepensis, have a higher percentage of standing dead biomass at earlier stages in the succession than species typical of later successional stages, e.g. Juniperus oxycedrus, Quercus coccifera and Quercus ilex. Conclusions: The results suggest that monotonic increase in fire hazard with increasing stand age is not necessarily the rule in Mediterranean basin shrublands, since early successional species may accumulate large amounts of standing dead biomass and thus promote fire at early successional stages.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chirino, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vilagrosa, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hernández, E. I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matos, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, V. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of a deep container on morpho-functional characteristics and root colonization in Quercus suber L. seedlings for reforestation in Mediterranean climate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest Ecology and Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest tray</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydraulic conductance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">root system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378112708004507</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">256</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">779 - 785</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the last decades, reforestation and afforestation programs are being carried out mainly with containerized seedlings. Container design determines the morphological and physiological characteristics of seedlings. However, container characteristics are often the same for plant species with very different growth strategies. The most commonly used nursery containers are relatively shallow and limit tap root growth; consequently, species relying on the early development of a long tap root to escape drought, such as those of the Quercus genus, might need to be cultivated in deep containers. The aim of this paper was to compare the morphological and physiological characteristics of Quercus suber L. seedlings cultivated in shallow containers (CCS-18, depth 18 cm) with seedlings cultivated in deep containers (CCL-30, depth 30 cm). Both container types used were made of high-density polyethylene, cylindrical in shape, open-bottomed, with a diameter of 5 cm, two kinds of vertical ribs on the inside wall showing a cultivation density of 318 seedlings/m2 . At the end of nursery culture, the seedlings cultivated in the CCL-30 deep container presented a longer tap root, higher shoot and root biomass and higher Dickson Quality Index (DQI). Moreover, the CCL-30 seedlings showed a higher root growth capacity (RGC), they reached deep substrate layers faster and they presented higher root hydraulic conductance. These morpho-functional advantages improved the CCL-30 seedling water status, which was expressed by higher stomatal conductance during an imposed drought period</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rovira, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, V. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization under Mediterranean climatic conditions: the effects of incubation depth</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mineralization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">organic matter (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil depth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071797000527</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1509 - 1520</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n a soil profile, temperature and humidity regimes change with depth. Under Mediterra- nean conditions, upper horizons are more affected by water deficits and drying-rewetting cycles than deep horizons. Our aim was to study how carbon and nitrogen mineralization are affected by depth, and special attention is paid to separating the effects of pedoclimate from the effects of other con- straints like amount and quality of organic matter. To this end, mixtures of plant + soil material were exposed by incorporation in the field, at depths of 5, 20 and 40 cm, in nylon mesh bags. Mineralization of C and N was studied for 2 y. For all types of plant material studied (Eucalyptus globulus, Quercus ibex and Pinus halepensis), mineralization of both carbon and nitrogen was lower at 5cm. No differ- ences were between 20 and 40 cm. This result, probably as a result of the higher drying of the upper- most horizons, contrasts with the usual findings on this topic. The amounts of both C and N mineralized were lower than expected, probably because plant materials were finely ground, allowing stabilization in the mineral matrix of soil. With the possible exception of Pinus, depth affected the rate of mineralization, not the relation between C and N. It is concluded that, at least under Mediterranean conditions, the pedoclimate in deep layers is more favourable to microbial activity than in upper layers, in which drought is a strong limiting factor. Reduced oxygen availability in the subsoil layers did not inhibit decomposition and mineralization to the same extent as did desiccation in the surface layer. The higher mineralization of C and N usually found in upper horizons may be attributed to the higher amount and quality of organic matter in these horizons, rather than to pedoclimatic constraints</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9110</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FERRAN, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, V. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litter dynamics in post-fire successional forests of Quercus ilex</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C/N ratio</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decay coefficient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant regeneration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/p30r4492qt193p64.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-100</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">239 - 246</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest floor regeneration after fire in a holm oak forest was studied in a chronosequence in Catalonia (NE Spain). The sampled area represented situations of high fire disturbance because of the frequency of wildfires and the high impact of erosive processes. Forest floor bulk samples from the L, F and H layers were taken in 5 burned plots, aging from 0 to 35 years. They were analyzed for dry standing weight, and organic carbon and N content. Plant cover reached almost 100°o two years after the fire. During the first 20 years, shrubs and herbs had the highest surface covering, and thereafter, holm oaks became dominant. Holm oak litterfall stabilized by the fourth year after burning. The major shrub species which were present in the chronosequence had two different patterns with respect to nitrogen: 1) a low litter C/N ratio (i.e. nitrogen fixing species); 2) a high litter C/N ratio. The litter decay coefficients were relatively high, allowing for a rapid structuration and formation of the L and F layers after the fire. Indeed, 95 ° o of the maximum steady standing weight accumulates in 8-9 years. The pattern of cover in the different strata influenced the lateral distribution and variable accumulation of the forest floor layers and determined different turnover rates.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FERRAN, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SERRASOLSAS, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, V. R.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teller, A. and Mathy</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOIL EVOLUTION AFTER FIRE IN QUERCUS-ILEX AND PINUS-HALEPENSIS FORESTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RESPONSES OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">burned sites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecosystem resilience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fire</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus coccifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrubland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELSEVIER APPL SCI PUBL LTD</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">397 - 404</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-85166-878-0</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Four contrasted burned sites in Catalonia (NE Spain) have been compared to-illustrate the diversified response to fire depending on the interaction of substrate-vegetation characteristics. Data from plant cover evolution, forest floor layers and soil chemical properties demonstrated that the garrigue on limestone is the most resilient ecosystem as a result of the resprouting capacity of Ouercus coccifera and the high soil stability. The shrubland on marls was however, the least resilient, with the poorest plant regeneration and greatest erosion rates. The plant communities on conglomerates and the holm oak forest on schists, represented intermediate situations, where the variable degree of erosion and nutrient losses were compensated by a rapid plant colonization just after the fire.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: RESPONSES OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: BARKING ESSEX</style></notes></record></records></xml>