<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mechergui, Taher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardos, Marta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boussaidi, Naceur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasnaoui, Brahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, DouglassF.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings in response to tree shelters and mulching in northwestern Tunisia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Forestry Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afforestation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mulching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polycyclism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seedling growth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree shelter</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Northeast Forestry University</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">193-204</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The need for reforestation in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) areas is challenged by difficulties. Principal among these is herbivory of young plants, vegetative competition, and slow growth rates of cork oak seedlings. We evaluated the early development of cork oak seedlings treated using tree shelters and mulching in northwestern Tunisia. We tested three tree shelter treatments (non-vented, vented, and control) to shield seedlings from animal damage and five mulch types to control competing vegetation (Italian Stone Pine, Lentisk, combination of Italian Stone Pine and Lentisk (organic mulches), gravel (inorganic mulch) and no mulch). At the end of the two-year experiment, sheltered seedlings were 89-99% taller than unsheltered seedlings and had higher numbers and lengths of shoot growth flushes. In contrast, both stem diameter growth and dry weight biomass (from samples extracted after two years) were significantly reduced inside tree shelters. Root-to-shoot ratio was not significantly different in sheltered vs. unsheltered seedlings, suggesting that tree shelters do not adversely affect this parameter. Mulching alone did not favour growth, but could be beneficial when combined with tree shelters. The combination of vented tree shelters and gravel mulch was the most effective treatment for promoting diameter, height and stem volume growth.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiménez, Maria Dolores</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardos, Marta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puértolas, Jaime</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleczkowski, Leszek A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardos, Jose Alberto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deep shade alters the acclimation response to moderate water stress in Quercus suber L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork oak seedlings</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deep shade</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growth (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">light environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water availability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">82</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">285-298</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The interactive effects of shade and drought on different morphological and physiological traits were addressed on Quercus suber L. seedlings. In our experiment, limited light treatment (1 per cent) represented the main factor constraining cork oak seedlings growth. Maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) with light ≥15 per cent exhibited a midday fall, but under deep shade (1 per cent), Fv/Fm remained constant (&lt;0.8 values) throughout the day. The quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was lower under moderate drought only in deeply shaded plants. The drought also interacted with light through the increase of the soluble sugar content at 100 per cent light, but not under shade. Under deep shade, soluble sugar content tended to be even lower under moderate drought conditions. The chlorophyll content was not the highest under deep shade as could be expected, while the efficiency of PSII was the lowest under deep shade. We concluded that cork oak can acclimate to moderate shade (15 per cent light), but deep shade impairs some of the physiological responses to cope with low light conditions under moderate drought stress. Plants growing under deep shade were very sensitive to moderate water stress in terms of loss of carbon fixation capacity.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1093/forestry/cpp008 </style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1093/forestry/cpp008 </style></research-notes></record></records></xml>