<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández-Santos, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gómez-Gutiérrez, J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno-Marcos, G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of disturbance caused by traditional Spanish rural land use on the regeneration of Cytisus multiflorus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Vegetation …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cutting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fire</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean shrubland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pull-out</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seed bank</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seedling</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">239-250</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">. Cytisus multiflorus is a leguminous matorral shrub native to the NW Iberian Peninsula, where it is one of the most important species in the extension of matorral at the expense of set-aside agricultural land. Dehesas have traditionally been used for extensive livestock raising and matorral was periodically burnt, cut or pulled out. The two latter practices are now out of use. However, burning is more frequent than in the past. The effects of fire, cutting, and pulling out of C. multiflorus on its regeneration was studied in order to ascertain whether the presently increasing distribution of the species relates to firestimulated regeneration or to the reduction of other traditional practices. Three years after treatment two sets of parameters were determined: 1. Plant origin: seedlings and different ramet types ( ramets = resprout clumps), density, weight, and biomass as well as the percentage of resprouting. 2. Seed persistence at various soil depths. The possible mechanisms of breaking dormancy and plant emergence in different years after fire were studied in other experiments. The results suggest that the regeneration mechanism in C. multiflorus is stimulated by fire, but it is not an exclusive relationship. Stimulation occurs also after other disturbances leading to the total elimination of aerial biomass. The present expansion of the species does not appear to result from the abandonment of some traditional practices, such as cutting or pulling out, but from frequent fires (resulting in aerial-biomass elimination).</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández-Santos, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gomez Gutiérrez, J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia Mares, R T</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de la quema, corte, arranque, abandono o pastoreo del matorral de escoba blanca (Cytisus multiflorus) sobre la producción y estructura de la comunidad herbácea</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastos</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomass production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human disturbances treatments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matorral pasture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salamanca</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">131-146</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The effects of burning, cutting , pulling out, field abandonment or grazing on the pro- duction and structure of a dehesa pasture invaded by Cytisus multiflorus were studied. Significant differences in the biomass of herbaceous species were found between pastu- res and treatments when cutting was done in February. The highest total biomass pro- duction was in the &quot;abandoned&quot; plot. No differences were found between the burned and cut plots. All the treatments, except abandonment, gave rise to higher biomass in herbaceous plants compared to control plots, i.e. on which grazing was continued. After 3 years there was no effect of treatment on the appearance of new species. A decrease in species number was observed with the burned plot being the least affected. The área with traditional grazing showed the highest diversity, specific heterogeneity and propor- tion of leguminous species. The negative effect of cutting the above-ground biomass in winter is discussed. Key</style></abstract></record></records></xml>