<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacilieri, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouchet, M A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bran, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grandjanny, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maistre, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perret, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romane, F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NATURAL GERMINATION AS RESILIENCE COMPONENT IN MEDITERRANEAN COPPICE STANDS OF CASTANEA-SATIVA MILL AND QUERCUS-ILEX L</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABANDONED LAND</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CASTANEA-SATIVA MILL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coppice stands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">germination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regeneration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1994</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GAUTHIER-VILLARS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DEPT UNIV PROFESSIONNEL REVUES SCIENTIFIQUES TECHNIQUE 11 RUE GOSSIN, F-92543 MONTROUGE, FRANCE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">417-429</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the Mediterranean basin, most of the present forests derive from original forests where the dominant species was different from the present one. These changes are largely due to human activities reflecting millenia of management and, often, overexploitation. In southern France, for example, palaeoecologists believe that the original malacophyllous deciduous forest of downy oak (Quercus pubescens) was replaced by a sclerophyllous evergreen holm oak (Quercus ilex) coppice in the driest areas, and chestnut (Castanea sativa) orchards or coppices in the `'wettest'' areas. However, for the last several decades, exploitation of these coppice stands has been decreasing. In this study, we addressed the question of the resilience of these managed ecosystems in the fact of changing management schemes, and to determine appropriate strategies and criteria of sustainable development. We present some aspects of the auto-succession after clearcutting of holm oak coppice stands and aspects of the natural regeneration of 4 species (Q. ilex, Q. pubescens, C. sativa, and P. pinaster). The consequences of the contrasted life history strategies are compared to estimate the future of these coppices.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romane, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BACILLIERI, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bran, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouchet, M A</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teller, A and Mathy, P and Jeffers, J N R</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NATURAL DEGENERATE MEDITERRANEAN FORESTS - WHICH FUTURE - THE EXAMPLES OF THE HOLM OAK (QUERCUS-ILEX L) AND CHESTNUT (CASTANEA-SATIVA MILL) COPPICE STANDS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RESPONSES OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CASTANEA-SATIVA MILL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COPPICE STAND</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NATURAL DEGENERATE FOREST</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QUERCUS-ILEX L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">QUERCUS-PUBESCENS WILLD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sustainable development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation dynamics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELSEVIER APPL SCI PUBL LTD</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BARKING ESSEX</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">374-380</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-85166-878-0</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primarily derived from the Quercus pubescens forest destroyed by overexploitation, the Quercus ilex and Castanea sativa coppice stands are two of the most widespread biocoenoses in the European Mediterranean area. Two of the questions we sought to answer were (i) in the case where the same disturbance persists, whether these coppice stands reach a state of “equilibrium” based on auto-succession or they continue to change, and (ii) in the case where disturbance stops, whether the present dominant species (Q. ilex or C. sativa) continues to be dominant (high resilience) or an other species (Q. pubescens ?) could replace it. A third case exists, i.e. a change of the “disturbance” in order to obtain a “sustainable” development, but, in that case, biological or socio-economical criteria must be defined. In order to highlight the first stages of these possible changes, germination abilities of these species were studied and compared. For Q. ilex coppice stands, it can be said that there would appear to be a partial allelopathic inhibition of Q. ilex germination, to which Q. pubescens is less sensitive. For C. sativa, this phenomenon was not found. We also briefly discuss the main characteristics of a programme which tests some biological criteria for a sustainable development.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>