<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villemant, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrei-Ruiz, M C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life-cycles and biological features of eggs predators of Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae) in the Mamora cork oak forest, Morocco</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">allotrophic capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dermestidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">egg predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">life-cycle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymantria dispar</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymantriidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pyralidae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trogossitidae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOLOGY</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">96</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The gypsy moth oophagous predator guild in the Mamora forest is an assemblage of many species whose succession in egg masses enhances the exploitation of this food source. Life history, biological Features and trophic capacities of predator species are described from field observations and laboratory rearing. Extreme diversity of diets, capacity to resist prolonged fasting and extended larval development with extra-instars enable them to survive on the cork oak when gypsy moth egg masses are absent. The 1986-1990 gypsy moth outbreak occurred in a forest part where unhealthy cork oaks are common. by providing abundant shelter for numerous arthropods these trees are beneficial to the oophagous predators which find there various and abundant food sources. This probably explains why egg predator activity in the infested area rapidly increased so that the pest outbreak collapsed.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villemant, C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predators of gypsy moth egg masses in the Mamora cork oak forest (Morocco)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE ZOOLOGIQUE DE FRANCE</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SOC ZOOLOGIQUE FRANCE</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INST OCEANOGRAPHIQUE 195 RUE SAINT-JACQUES, 75005 PARIS, FRANCE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">123</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75-81</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Morocco oophagous predators are one of the main mortality factors of&lt;br/&gt;the gypsy moth. These insects consume the eggs but cause more noticeable&lt;br/&gt;damage by disrupting the egg masses. During July-March, when gypsy moth&lt;br/&gt;eggs are present, 14 species of predators follow, eating and damaging&lt;br/&gt;egg masses. From 1987 to 1990, oophagous predators destroyed 60 to 90%&lt;br/&gt;of eggs and therefore played a determinant role in the collapse of a&lt;br/&gt;localized gypsy moth population.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villemant, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramzi, H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Predators of Lymantria dispar (Lep. Lymantriidae) egg masses: Spatio-temporal variation of their impact during the 1988-89-pest generation in the Mamora cork oak forest (Morocco).</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENTOMOPHAGA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">egg predator</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gypsy moth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population Dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial distribution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LAVOISIER ABONNEMENTS</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11 RUE LAVOISIER, F-75384 PARIS 08, FRANCE</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">441-456</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In the Mamora cork oak forest (Morocco), oophagous predators of the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) are one of the main mortality factors influencing pest population dynamics. The predators destroy egg masses more by disrupting their cohesiveness than by predation. From 1987 to 1990, the impact of oophagous enemies significantly contributed to the collapse of a localized gypsy moth outbreak. Variation of egg mass dislocation intensity was greater between trees than among the different strata of a tree. The number of gypsy moth egg masses and egg predator attacks increased when oaks were large and unhealthy. Forest degradation probably explains why egg mass destruction rates were so high (60 to 90% of the eggs) in the infested forest. Oophagous predators find food and shelter under the dehiscent bark of unhealthy cork oaks.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>