<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pintos, B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanchez, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bueno, Ma A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ma Navarro, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorrin, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manzanera, J A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gomez-Garay, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Induction of Quercus ilex L. haploid and doubled-haploid embryos from anther cultures by temperature-stress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SILVAE GENETICA</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anthers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holm oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microsatellite DNA-markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollen embryogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J D SAUERLANDERS VERLAG</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BERLINER STRASSE 46, 63619 BAD ORB, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210-218</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper describes a method to obtain haploid and doubled-haploid (DH) embryos using anther cultures of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.). The production of haploids and DH through gametic embryogenesis provides an attractive biotechnological tool for developing homozygous lines from heterozygous parents, which is important in breeding programs, as well as in genetic studies. As a consequence, protocols to produce homozygous plants have a significant impact on forest tree improvement. Anthers were subjected to different temperature treatments for embryo induction: a cold pre-treatment (4 C) from 3 to 7 days was carried out at the beginning, followed by a heat shock (33 C) from 2 to 5 days. Most anthers responding to these stress treatments contained vacuolated microspores, indicating that this developmental stage is responsive to embryogenesis induction in holm-oak microspores. In all cases, embryos grew from the interior of the anthers, breaking through the degenerating anther walls. Under these conditions, embryo formation occurred in 31 anthers between 46 and 95 days after culture initiation. Embryo analysis performed with flow-cytometry and DNA-microsatellite markers showed haploid profiles and/or spontaneous doubling of the chromosomes during early regeneration stages. This is, to our knowledge, the first published report on gametic embryogenesis in holm oak.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molina, Rafael Tormo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez, Adolfo Muñoz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palaciso, Inmaculada Silva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López, Francisco Gallardo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollen production in anemophilous trees</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grana</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anthers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flowers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inflorescences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollen production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree crown (voyant)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00173139609430499</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38 - 46</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract A study was made of the total pollen production per individual tree in ten anemophilous arboreal species (including wild, cultivated and ornamental species) of considerable aerobiological importance: Pinus pinaster, Ulmus minor, Juglans regia, Platanus hispanica, Quercus rotundifolia, Salix atrocinerea, Populus nigra, Acer negundo, Olea europaea and Fraxinus angustifolia. For each species three isolated well-shaped specimens of medium height were chosen, and the number of flowers per individual tree and the number of pollen grains per anther was estimated. The values of total pollen production varied between a little over 1000 million grains in Juglans regia and more than 500,000 million in one single tree in Quercus rotundifolia. For the production of pollen grains per anther, the values oscillated between 3000 grains in Juglans regia and 100,000 in Olea europaea. There is an exponential correlation between the size of the anthers and the number of pollen grains they contain. A linear correlation is also evident between the volume of the tree crown and the total production of inflorescences, flowers, anthers and pollen grains per individual tree. Based on this, a mean coefficient of the number of grains/meter of diameter of the tree crown is obtained which varies between 3.4 ? 108 for Juglans regia and 550.9 ? 108 for Quercus rotundifolia. The ratio between the number of anthers per inflorescence and the number of pollen grains per anther carries out a hyperbolic function; thus, the inflorescences with the most anthers have the anthers with the least pollen and viceversa. This ratio is also manifest between the number of grains per flower and the number of flowers per tree, as well as the number of grains per inflorescence and the number of inflorescences per tree.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/00173139609430499doi: 10.1080/00173139609430499The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Taylor &amp; Francis</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molina, Rafael Tormo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodríguez, Adolfo Muñoz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palaciso, Inmaculada Silva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">López, Francisco Gallardo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollen production in anemophilous trees</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grana</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anthers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flowers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">inflorescences</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollen production</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tree crown (voyant)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor &amp; Francis</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38-46</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract A study was made of the total pollen production per individual tree in ten anemophilous arboreal species (including wild, cultivated and ornamental species) of considerable aerobiological importance: Pinus pinaster, Ulmus minor, Juglans regia, Platanus hispanica, Quercus rotundifolia, Salix atrocinerea, Populus nigra, Acer negundo, Olea europaea and Fraxinus angustifolia. For each species three isolated well-shaped specimens of medium height were chosen, and the number of flowers per individual tree and the number of pollen grains per anther was estimated. The values of total pollen production varied between a little over 1000 million grains in Juglans regia and more than 500,000 million in one single tree in Quercus rotundifolia. For the production of pollen grains per anther, the values oscillated between 3000 grains in Juglans regia and 100,000 in Olea europaea. There is an exponential correlation between the size of the anthers and the number of pollen grains they contain. A linear correlation is also evident between the volume of the tree crown and the total production of inflorescences, flowers, anthers and pollen grains per individual tree. Based on this, a mean coefficient of the number of grains/meter of diameter of the tree crown is obtained which varies between 3.4 ? 108 for Juglans regia and 550.9 ? 108 for Quercus rotundifolia. The ratio between the number of anthers per inflorescence and the number of pollen grains per anther carries out a hyperbolic function; thus, the inflorescences with the most anthers have the anthers with the least pollen and viceversa. This ratio is also manifest between the number of grains per flower and the number of flowers per tree, as well as the number of grains per inflorescence and the number of inflorescences per tree.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/00173139609430499</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/00173139609430499</style></research-notes></record></records></xml>