<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muñoz, Alberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonal, Raul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linking seed dispersal to cache protection strategies.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">directed dispersal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">granivores</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant recruitment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">savanna-like landscapes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seed caching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seed predation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seedling emergence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">small rodents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01818.xhttp://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=a9h&amp;AN=61214772&amp;lang=pt-br&amp;site=ehost-live&amp;scope=site</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1016 - 1025</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The spatial distribution of dispersed seeds results from the combined action of the caching strategies followed by different granivores. Hence, it is essential to study the factors that influence seed predation and caching decisions to achieve a better understanding of the dispersal process. In this study, we document how seed dispersal and the spatial patterns of natural recruitment are linked to the strategies used by granivores to protect their cached seeds from pilferage. We present a theoretical model showing that those strategies may convey benefits for both seed cachers and plants. We studied the relationships among seed production, seed predation/caching, cache pilferage and plant recruitment in a savanna-like landscape of oaks dispersed by scatter-hoarding rodents. Our results show that acorn-dispersing rodents were concentrated under the canopies of scattered oaks, where the theft of cached acorns increased by 77% as compared to that of the surrounding open landscape. Acorns were thus cached selectively in the open areas to reduce pilferage; in fact, none of the few seeds cached beneath tree canopies survived predation by granivores (pilferage + recovery). Meanwhile, some acorns cached in the surrounding open areas were neither pilfered nor recovered and then recruited successfully. Accordingly, natural recruitment of newly emerged seedlings was higher outside than under canopies, suggesting that rodent caching strategies have direct implications for the directed dispersal of oaks. Synthesis. The spatial patterns of seed dispersal shape the fitness of both the plant because they influence dispersal and recruitment efficiency, and the granivores that cache and predate its seeds because they influence their foraging efficiency. Cache protection strategies reduce pilferage significantly and enhance seed recovery rates by the cache owner. At the same time, more seeds remain dispersed and unrecovered. Thus, cache protection strategies can provide net benefits to the plant in terms of effective directed dispersal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accession Number: 61214772; Muñoz, Alberto 1,2 Bonal, Raúl 2,3; Affiliation: 1: CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edificio C, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain 2: Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales (ICAM)-Área Zoología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E-45071 Toledo, Spain 3: Grupo de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural, Departamento de Ecología, Instituto de Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), E-13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Source Info: Jul2011, Vol. 99 Issue 4, p1016; Subject Term: SEEDS -- Dispersal; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: GRANIVORES; Subject Term: ACORNS; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS -- Ecophysiology; Subject Term: FORAGING behavior (Animals); Author-Supplied Keyword: directed dispersal; Author-Supplied Keyword: granivores; Author-Supplied Keyword: plant recruitment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus ilex; Author-Supplied Keyword: savanna-like landscapes; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed caching; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed predation; Author-Supplied Keyword: seedling emergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: small rodents; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: ArticleAccession Number: 61214772; Muñoz, Alberto 1,2 Bonal, Raúl 2,3; Affiliation: 1: CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edificio C, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain 2: Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales (ICAM)-Área Zoología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E-45071 Toledo, Spain 3: Grupo de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural, Departamento de Ecología, Instituto de Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), E-13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Source Info: Jul2011, Vol. 99 Issue 4, p1016; Subject Term: SEEDS -- Dispersal; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: GRANIVORES; Subject Term: ACORNS; Subject Term: SEEDLINGS -- Ecophysiology; Subject Term: FORAGING behavior (Animals); Author-Supplied Keyword: directed dispersal; Author-Supplied Keyword: granivores; Author-Supplied Keyword: plant recruitment; Author-Supplied Keyword: Quercus ilex; Author-Supplied Keyword: savanna-like landscapes; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed caching; Author-Supplied Keyword: seed predation; Author-Supplied Keyword: seedling emergence; Author-Supplied Keyword: small rodents; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 1 Graph; Document Type: ArticleThe following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Wiley-Blackwell</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urbieta, Itziar R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zavala, Miguel A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marañón, Teodoro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kobe, Richard K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil water content and emergence time control seedling establishment in three co-occurring Mediterranean oak species</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Canadian Journal of Forest Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean oak species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seed germination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seedling emergence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seedling survival (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil water content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/X08-089</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2382 - 2393</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tree species can differ in their responses to resource availability during the critical phase of establishment, which could influence forest dynamics. In Mediterranean forests, most of the attention has focused on the effects of shade and summer drought on seedling survival, but little is known about the effect of autumn to spring rains on earlier stages of recruitment. A sowing experiment was set up along natural light and water gradients with three co-occurring oak species (Quercus suber L. (cork oak), Quercus canariensis Willd. (Algerian oak), and Quercus pyrenaica Willd. (Pyrenean oak)) that show limited natural regeneration in southern Spain. Recruitment stages were monitored for 1 year. Models of seed germination, seedling emergence, and seedling survival as well as of overall recruitment patterns were developed as functions of light, soil moisture, and soil compaction. The influence of intraspecific variation in seed mass and emergence time were also tested. Excess soil water levels during the winter reduced germination and emergence and lengthened time to emergence (in waterlogged open areas), which in turn decreased seedling survival during the dry season. Seedlings from larger seeds were more likely to germinate and emerge. The results suggest that temporal and spatial variability of soil water content, mediated by emergence time and seed size, play a crucial role in the regeneration dynamics of Mediterranean oak forests.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1139/X08-089doi: 10.1139/X08-089The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: NRC Research Press</style></notes></record></records></xml>