<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paris, Carolina I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Llusia, Joan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, Josep</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indirect effects of tending ants on holm oak volatiles and acorn quality</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant signaling &amp; behavior</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">invasive ants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">jasmonic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">linolenic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monoterpene emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tended aphid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-4</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The indirect effect of ants on plants through their mutualism with honeydew-producing insects has been extensively investigated. Honeydew-producing insects that are tended by ants impose a cost on plant fitness and health by reducing seed production and/or plant growth. This cost is associated with sap intake and virus transmissions but may be overcompesated by tending ants if they deter or prey on hebivorous insects. The balance between cost and benefits depends on the tending ant species. In this study we report other indirect effects on plants of the mutualism between aphids and ants. We have found that two Lasius ant species, one native and the other invasive, may change the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the holm oak (Quercus ilex) blend when they tend the aphid Lachnus roboris. The aphid regulation of its feeding and honeydew production according to the ant demands was proposed as a plausible mechanism that triggers changes in VOCs. Additionally, we now report here that aphid feeding, which is located most of the time on acorns cap or petiole, significantly increased the relative content of linolenic acid in acorns from holm oak colonized by the invasive ant. This acid is involved in the response of plants to insect herbivory as a precursor or jasmonic acid. No effect was found on acorn production, germination or seedlings quality. These results suggest that tending-ants may trigger the physiological response of holm oaks involved in plant resistance toward aphid herbivory and this response is ant species dependant</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischbach, Robert Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staudt, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zimmer, Ina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rambal, Serge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal pattern of monoterpene synthase activities in leaves of the evergreen tree Quercus ilex</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiologia Plantarum</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monoterpene emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monoterpene synthase activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal patterns (voyant)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munksgaard International Publishers</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">114</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">354-360</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpene synthase activities were measured in current year and 1-year-old leaves of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.). The monoterpene synthase activities of the leaves strongly changed with leaf development and leaf age. Enzyme activities increased rapidly in spring after leaf emergence, reaching maximum values in summer, which declined during the following winter period. In the next spring monoterpene synthase activities recovered in the old leaves to about one-third of values in the previous years and showed a similar seasonal variation as in young leaves. In both leaf age classes the pattern of enzymatic monoterpene formation was stable with α-pinene (33%), β-pinene (28%), and myrcene (26%) as prominent compounds followed by minor fractions of sabinene (10%) and limonene (3%). Monoterpene emission correlated with the activity of the synthetizing enzymes, indicating that monoterpene synthase activities in Q. ilex reflect the seasonal monoterpene emission potential of the leaves.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12060257</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischbach, Robert Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staudt, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zimmer, Ina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rambal, Serge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seasonal pattern of monoterpene synthase activities in leaves of the evergreen tree Quercus ilex</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiologia Plantarum</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monoterpene emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monoterpene synthase activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal patterns (voyant)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140304.xhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12060257</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">114</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">354 - 360</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpene synthase activities were measured in current year and 1-year-old leaves of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.). The monoterpene synthase activities of the leaves strongly changed with leaf development and leaf age. Enzyme activities increased rapidly in spring after leaf emergence, reaching maximum values in summer, which declined during the following winter period. In the next spring monoterpene synthase activities recovered in the old leaves to about one-third of values in the previous years and showed a similar seasonal variation as in young leaves. In both leaf age classes the pattern of enzymatic monoterpene formation was stable with α-pinene (33%), β-pinene (28%), and myrcene (26%) as prominent compounds followed by minor fractions of sabinene (10%) and limonene (3%). Monoterpene emission correlated with the activity of the synthetizing enzymes, indicating that monoterpene synthase activities in Q. ilex reflect the seasonal monoterpene emission potential of the leaves.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Munksgaard International Publishers&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 12060257</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Owen, S M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boissard, Christophe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hewitt, C N</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted from 40 mediterranean plant species:: Voc speciation and extrapolation to habitat scale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogenic voc speciation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">branch enclosure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extrapolation to regional scale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoprene emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">monoterpene emissions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">volatile organic compounds flux</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5393-5409</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forty native Mediterranean plant species were screened for emissions of the C5 and C10 hydrocarbons, isoprene and monoterpenes, in ﬁve diﬀerent habitats. A total of 32 compounds were observed in the emissions from these plants. The number of compounds emitted by diﬀerent plant species varied from 19 (Quercus ilex) to a single compound emission, usually of isoprene. Emission rates were normalised to generate emission factors for each plant species for each sampling event at standard conditions of temperature and light intensity. Plant species were categorised according to their main emitted compound, the major groups being isoprene, a-pinene, linalool, and limonene emitters. Estimates of habitat ﬂuxes for each emitted compound were derived from the contributing plant species’ emission factors, biomass and ground cover. Emissions of individual compounds ranged from 0.002 to 505 g ha 1 h 1 (camphene from garrigue in Spain in autumn and isoprene from riverside habitats in Spain in late spring; respectively). Emissions of isoprene ranged from 0.3 to 505 g ha 1 h 1 (macchia in Italy in late spring and autumn; and riverside in Spain in late spring; respectively) and a-pinene emissions ranged from 0.51 to 52.92 g ha 1 h 1 (garrigue in Spain in late spring; and forest in France in autumn; respectively). Habitat ﬂuxes of most compounds in autumn were greater than in late spring, dominated by emissions from Quercus ilex, Genista scorpius and Quercus pubescens. This study contributes to regional emission inventories and will be of use to tropospheric chemical modellers</style></abstract></record></records></xml>