<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rives, Jesús</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandez-Rodriguez, Ivan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabarrell, Xavier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rieradevall, Joan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental analysis of cork granulate production in Catalonia – Northern Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resources, Conservation and Recycling</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork granulate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecomaterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental impact</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life cycle assessment (LCA)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921344911002400</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">132 - 142</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork is a natural and renewable material extracted mainly in the Western Mediterranean area. Apart from natural cork stoppers and discs, the most important product of the cork sector is cork granulate, because it represents a solution for the large quantities of waste generated during natural cork industry production and during forestry activities. Cork granulates have not yet been studied from an environmental perspective, although this ecomaterial could substitute other non-renewable and more harmful materials, such as petroleum derivates. This study presents an environmental analysis of the production of cork granulates, following the life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. All the operations after forest management were analysed, from the extraction of the resources to the use of these intermediate products. Research also sought to identify the operations that contribute most to potential environmental impact during production. Inventory data was collected from three representative local producers that all use standard technology. Regarding environmental burdens, trituration and classiﬁcation-sieving were the operations which contribute most to the environmental impact of granulate production; together representing between 90% and 97% of the environmental burdens for the studied categories. It was also stated that 35% of the initial raw material that enters the system became dust during production. Cork dust is a potential material that can be used as a fuel to substitute other non-renewable sources of energy such as diesel oil or electricity. However, it was observed that the use of this waste as an energy source was still at an incipient point of implantation.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier B.V.</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soares, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reis, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sousa, L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork composites and their role in sustainable development</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procedia Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork composites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental impact</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">experimental tests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sustainability design</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1877705811007193</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3214 - 3219</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">With the current challenges that the industrial world faces regarding the unavoidable environmental impact of manufacturing goods, companies have been turning to sustainable design in order to reduce this impact and to minimize the damage to the environment while at the same time reaping the marketing bonus that is the claim of a greener product. This reduction of environmental impact is being done at multiple levels and especially at the design stage and one of the ways taken by companies to reduce this impact is to replace fuel-based materials such as polymers with natural materials. But in order for this replacement to take place, engineers and designers need to know the behavior of these materials. With that idea a set of mechanical tests and studies, namely bending and compression tests, have been performed on cork composites. Those composites were chosen for its importance to the Portuguese economy and its peculiar growth cycle and harvesting techniques, in order to ascertain the mechanical properties of cork composites and how it stands against polymers.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>