<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakkali Yakhlef, Salah Eddine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abourouh, Mohamed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ducousso, Marc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duponnois, Robin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delaruelle, Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mousain, Daniel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intraspecific variability of Pisolithus spp. as a response to changes in soil characteristics in a Moroccan cork oak plantation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ITS sequencing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pisolithus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil parameters</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21501203.2011.592155</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">283 - 290</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil characteristics may be an important factor in structuring fungal communities. We relate the above- and below-ground distribution of the ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) Pisolithus spp. to changes in soil chemistry in a Quercus suber plantation located in the Maâmora forest (Morocco). Intrageneric variability of 115 fruit bodies was studied, using morphological characterization, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. Two Pisolithus spp. genotypes were identified: 97% of the fruit bodies represent Pisolithus arhizus; the remaining 3% correspond to Pisolithus species 4, as previously described by Martin et al. [New Phytologist 153 (2002) 345-357]. Multivariate analysis (PCA) showed that species structure was strongly correlated with soil characteristics. P. arhizus fruit bodies were frequently found in the Eastern part of the plot at low molasic clay, N and P contents, while Pisolithus species 4 were collected only in the Western part at the high molasic clay, N and P contents. To determine whether this change in fruit body structure was expressed at the belowground level, we used morphological and molecular techniques to characterize the Pisolithus ectomycorrhizas. Only ectomycorrhizas of P. arhizus were identified at the low P?N?molasic clay site and disappeared completely at the high P?N?red clay site, where no Pisolithus species 4 mycorrhizas were found. However, autocorrelation among soil parameters makes it difficult to isolate the effects of individual parameters. These results show the local-scale impact of natural spatial heterogeneity on an ectomycorrhizal fungal genus.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/21501203.2011.592155doi: 10.1080/21501203.2011.592155The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Taylor &amp; Francis</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Maia, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hammouch, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aboutajdine, D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Color-texture analysis by mutual information for multispectral image classification</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">co-occurrence matrix</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">feature extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest areas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hybrid color texture space</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">image analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">image classification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Image color analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">image colour analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Image databases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">image texture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Information analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multispectral image classification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multispectral imaging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mutual information</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RGB color space</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial databases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPOT HRV (XS)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Support vector machine classification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">support vector machines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">support vectors machine (citation)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VisTex database</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this paper, we propose a new approach for the construction of a hybrid color-texture space by using mutual information. Feature extraction is done by the co-occurrence matrix with SVM (support vectors machine) as a classifier. We apply our approach to the VisTex database and to the classification of a SPOT HRV (XS) image representing two forest areas in the region of Rabat in Morocco. We compare the result of classification obtained in this hybrid space with the one in the RGB color space.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;secondary-title: Communications, Computers and Signal Processing, 2009. PacRim 2009. IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Communications, Computers and Signal Processing, 2009. PacRim 2009. IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on&lt;br/&gt;pages: 359-364&lt;br/&gt;isbn: VO -&lt;br/&gt;electronic-resource-num: 10.1109/PACRIM.2009.5291344</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cherkaoui, Imad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selmi, Slaheddine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boukhriss, Jihen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamid, Rguibi-Idrissi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed, Dakki</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors affecting bird richness in a fragmented cork oak forest in Morocco</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Oecologica</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">birds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork Oak Forest</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fragmentation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1146609X08001483</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">197 - 205</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The cork oak forest of Ma’amora in north-western Morocco was the largest cork oak forest in the world until the beginning of the 20th century. Due to growing land use for agriculture and urbanization, however, this forest has become fragmented into relatively small and isolated patches. The effects of this fragmentation on the diversity of wild animal communities have never been investigated despite the importance of such investigations in elaborating longterm conservation plans of the biodiversity of this forest system. In this study of a sample of 44 forest patches we assessed the relationships between species numbers of wintering, breeding and spring migrant birds and patch size, shape, isolation and vegetation structure. We found that species richnesses of the three studied bird assemblages were strongly related to local vegetation structure, namely to the diversity and abundance of trees and bushes. Patches with higher diversity and cover of trees and bushes support higher numbers of bird species. However, patch size, shape and isolation were not signiﬁcant predictors of bird richness. These results suggest that bird communities in the studied forest patches were more likely shaped by local habitat suitability rather than the amount of habitat or patch isolation. The results also demonstrate negative effects of current human pressures, namely logging, grazing and disturbance, on the diversity of bird communities in this forest system. This emphasizes the need for urgent management efforts aiming at reducing the negative impacts of forest use by humans on bird diversity in this forest system</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Masson SAS</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghaioule, Driss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lumaret, Jean-Pierre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rochat, Didier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maatouf, Noureddine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Niogret, Jerome</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estimation of white grub damage (Coleoptera : Scarabaeoidea) in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) regeneration parcels of the Mamora forest (Morocco) and search for biological control using sex pheromones.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANNALES DE LA SOCIETE ENTOMOLOGIQUE DE FRANCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-3-benzenediol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biological control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">damage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pheromone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resorcinol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restoration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scarabaeoidea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">white grubs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">During the last decades, the cork oak restoration in the Mamora forest (Morocco) was faced with massive root attacks of seedling plantations by white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). In most cases, the success of the restoration reached only 12%. Sphodroxia maroccana Ley (Melolonthidae) can be considered as the main pest in the restoration parcels. Some traits of the biology of this species are specified, despite shortcomings in the knowledge of the precise period of male emergence with regard to females, the longevity of adults and the sex-ratio. Summer drought, a season without white grub activity, is another main cause of mortality of young plantations. During the first year after plantation in experimental parcels, the cumulated mortality due to these two factors ranged between 41 and 68% according to the blocks in the parcels. The mortality associated with S. maroccana larvae ranged between 24 and 43%, with a distribution of infestation depending on density of young plants. Solid phase micro-extraction used to sample volatiles from the headspace of S. maroccana females allowed to isolate resorcinol (1,3-benzenediol) as presumed female sex pheromone. The role of this molecule has to be demonstrated.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: 45 RUE BUFFON, 75005 PARIS, FRANCE&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SOC ENTOMOLOGIQUE FRANCE</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dijck, Simone J. E. Van</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laouina, Abdellah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carvalho, Anabela V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antari, Mostafa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rocha, Alfredo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borrego, Carlos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coen, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DESERTIFICATION IN NORTHERN MOROCCO DUE TO EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON GROUNDWATER RECHARGE</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desertification in the Mediterranean Region a Security Issue</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grazing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">groundwater</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">land degradation (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Precipitation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">surface runoff</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">549 - 577</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groundwater resources in Morocco are expected to shrink in the next decades due to an increasing withdrawal for rural and urban development, and a decreasing internal recharge by precipitation under the influence of climate change. The objective of this work is to analyse the recharge of groundwater systems in a region with traditional agriculture and current transformations in northern Morocco (Sehoul region) in response to future climate change and land degradation. Models were used to simulate climate change and effects on surface runoff and groundwater recharge. The climate models indicated increases in temperature and decreases in precipitation in all seasons in 2050 compared to 1990, and an increasing variability of autumn precipitation. Because most cultivated fields are freshly ploughed and sown in autumn, this will increase the risk of desertification due to declining groundwater recharge and increased surface runoff and erosion. This is confirmed by the results of the event-based surface runoff simulation for the 2050 climate. Surface runoff is mainly produced in ancient grazing fields and fallow fields. In view of the current transformation of collective grazing fields into cultivated land, problems with loss of rainfall in surface runoff and soil erosion could be mitigated by 1. early tillage of cultivated fields along the slope contour, followed by leveling, 2. locating cultivated fields downslope of grazing fields to enable the capturing of diffuse surface runoff coming from the grazing fields, and 3. leaving fallow fields untilled and covered with crop remnants. The groundwater modeling results indicate a decrease of the annual groundwater recharge by rainfall of 40-68% from the climate centered in 1990 to the climate centered in 2050. As a result, groundwater levels are predicted to fall up till 2005, but the results are unreliable due to model errors. However, the decreases in precipitation, infiltration and groundwater recharge predicted in this study may be expected to add to the observed trend of groundwater level decrease in the study area, and to continuing desertification.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: Desertification in the Mediterranean Region a Security Issue</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aafi, Abderrahman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KADMIRI, A. A. E. L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richesse et diversité floristique de la suberaie de la Mamora (Maroc)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Botanica Malacitana</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">richeness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioveg.uma.es/abm/volumenes/vol30/08.mamora.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127 - 138</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The survey aims to quantify the floristic richeness and diversity of the Mamora’s forest oak-cork ecosystem on the basis of transects and floristic samples distributed according to a stratified and systematic sampling in the different plant formations previously distinguished. The results show that the ecosystem contains 62 families, 261 genders, 408 species, subspecies and varieties : 35 very rare taxa , 29 rare taxa ; 18 endemic taxa, 1 very rare and endemic taxa and 4 rare and endemic taxa. The survey has, otherwise, permitted to reveal the total disappearance of Erica arborea and E. scoparia from this ecosystem and to define the biological spectrum of the studied region, wich is characterized with a clear dominance of therophytes (50.5%).</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Draper, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lara, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albertos, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garilleti, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mazimpaka, V.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The epiphytic bryoflora of the Jbel Bouhalla (Rif, Morocco), including a new variety of moss, Orthotrichum speciosum var. brevisetum.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Bryology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bryophyte flora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chorology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epiphytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">northern Africa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthotrichum speciosum var. brevisetum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rif</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1179/037366803225013146http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=a9h&amp;AN=12201754&amp;lang=pt-br&amp;site=ehost-live&amp;scope=site</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">271 - 280</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The epiphytic bryoflora of Jbel Bouhalla, a mountain sited in the Rif range (northern Morocco), is catalogued, resulting in a list of 48 taxa (45 mosses and 3 liverworts). One new variety, Orthotrichum speciosum var. brevisetum, is described, and some new records are reported: Orthotrichum shawii and O. pallens are new to northern Africa, while Habrodon perpusillus and O. speciosum var. speciosum are new to Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accession Number: 12201754; Draper, I. 1 Lara, F. 1 Albertos, B. 1 Garilleti, R. 2; Email Address: ricardo.garilleti@uv.es Mazimpaka, V. 1; Email Address: mazimpaka@aum.es; Affiliation: 1: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain 2: Universidad de Valencia, Spain; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p271; Subject Term: MOSSES; Subject Term: ORTHOTRICHUM; Subject Term: EPIPHYTES; Subject Term: MOUNTAINS; Subject Term: MOROCCO; Subject Term: AFRICA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bryophyte flora; Author-Supplied Keyword: chorology; Author-Supplied Keyword: epiphytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morocco; Author-Supplied Keyword: northern Africa; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orthotrichum speciosum var. brevisetum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rif; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Charts, 1 Graph, 2 Maps; Document Type: ArticleAccession Number: 12201754; Draper, I. 1 Lara, F. 1 Albertos, B. 1 Garilleti, R. 2; Email Address: ricardo.garilleti@uv.es Mazimpaka, V. 1; Email Address: mazimpaka@aum.es; Affiliation: 1: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain 2: Universidad de Valencia, Spain; Source Info: 2003, Vol. 25 Issue 4, p271; Subject Term: MOSSES; Subject Term: ORTHOTRICHUM; Subject Term: EPIPHYTES; Subject Term: MOUNTAINS; Subject Term: MOROCCO; Subject Term: AFRICA; Author-Supplied Keyword: Bryophyte flora; Author-Supplied Keyword: chorology; Author-Supplied Keyword: epiphytes; Author-Supplied Keyword: Morocco; Author-Supplied Keyword: northern Africa; Author-Supplied Keyword: Orthotrichum speciosum var. brevisetum; Author-Supplied Keyword: Rif; Number of Pages: 10p; Illustrations: 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Charts, 1 Graph, 2 Maps; Document Type: ArticleThe following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Maney Publishing</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belahbib, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pemonge, M.-H. H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ouassou, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sbay, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kremer, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petit, R. J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frequent cytoplasmic exchanges between oak species that are not closely related: Quercus suber and Q. ilex in Morocco</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplast</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplast: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cpDNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Markers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">geographical structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haplotypes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hybridization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">introgression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitochondrial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitochondrial: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mtDNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCR–RFLP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus: genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees: genetics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11555243http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0962-1083.2001.01330.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003 - 2012</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNA variation were studied in 97 populations of cork oak (Quercus suber) in Morocco; in 31 of these populations, holm oak (Quercus ilex), a clearly distinct species, also occurred and was compared with Q. suber. Three cpDNA and one mtDNA primer pairs were used in the survey, each in combination with one restriction enzyme. Six haplotypes belonging to two very divergent lineages were detected; one lineage predominates in each species, and is probably ancestral, as inferred from comparisons with other oak species. In the mixed-species populations, cytoplasmic genomes were frequently shared across species, as indicated by an introgression ratio of 0.63. This index is a new measure of the propensity of species to share locally genetic markers, varying from zero (complete differentiation) to one (no differentiation). By contrast, more closely related deciduous oak species (Q. robur, Q. petraea and Q. pubescens) have introgression ratios varying from 0.82 to 0.97. The introgression events appear to have been more frequent in the direction Q. ilex (female) × Q. suber (male), a finding which seems attributable to the flowering phenology of these two species. This asymmetry may have favoured immigration of Q. suber beyond its main range, in regions already colonized by Q. ilex. There, rare hybridization and further introgression through long distance pollen flow have established populations that are morphologically indistinguishable from Q. suber but that have cytoplasmic genomes originating from the local Q. ilex populations.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Science Ltd&lt;br/&gt;accession-num: 11555243</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El-Badri, Naïma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abadie, Michel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Observations sur la dynamique du développement du Diplodia mutila Fr. apud Mont. sur le chêne-liège, Quercus suber L., au Maroc</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cryptogamie Mycologie</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">decline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diplodia mutila Fr. apud Mont.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FOREST</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ultrastructure</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0181158400010526</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235 - 248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamora forest in Rabat (Morocco) was a wide forest of cork oak which is rapidly disappearing. This crisis is caused by both human exploitation and overgrazing by animals. This situation is also affected by the existence of harmful insects and parasitic fungi. One of the most common species is Diplodia mutila Fr. apud Mont. (group of Coelomycetes) anamorph of Botryosphaeria stevensii Shoem., which causes withering and cankers on trunks and branches. The electron microscope observations on pycnosporogenesis and the study of the relation plant-host-pathogen show the structure and the biological cycle of Diplodia mutila, the endophytic and the systemic development of the pathogen and the irreversible damage on the plant host. This study is a contribution to the research on cork-oak forest protection.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cheddadi, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamb, H. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guiot, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Kaars, S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holocene climatic change in Morocco: a quantitative reconstruction from pollen data</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climate Dynamics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holocene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morocco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">paleoclimate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pollen</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s003820050262</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">883 - 890</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annual precipitation, July and January tem- peratures were reconstructed from a continuous Holo- cene pollen sequence from the Middle Atlas, Morocco, using the best modern analogues method. The recon- structions show a clear difference between the early and late Holocene: from &amp;10 ka to &amp;6.5 ka the climate was drier and warmer than during the period since 6.5 ka. The average value of annual precipitation was &amp;870mm until 6.5 ka, then rose to &amp;940 mm. Be- tween 10 ka and 6.5 ka January and July temperatures were about 4 °C higher than the present. Both temper- atures show a marked decrease between 7 ka and 6 ka. After 6.5 ka July and January temperatures fluctuated between 21 and 23 °C, and 2.5 and 5 °C respectively. January temperatures show a period of intermediate values (&amp;3.5 °C) between 4 ka and 5.5 ka. The recon- structed climate values generally match palaeolim- nological data from the same core, which show five intervals of low lake level during the Holocene. They are also consistent with regional-scale COHMAP simulated palaeoclimate that shows contrasting pat- terns of rainfall variation between the northwester- nmost part of Africa and the intertropical band</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">APSAPS</style></notes></record></records></xml>