<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torres, Ivan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cespedes, Blanca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perez, Beatriz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, Jose M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial relationships between the standing vegetation and the soil seed bank in a fire-prone encroached dehesa in Central Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT ECOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semivariogram</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species richness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">214</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">195 - 206</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postfire vegetation regeneration in many fire-prone ecosystems is soil seed bank dependent. Although vegetation and seed bank may be spatially structured, the role of prefire vegetation patterns and fire in determining postfire vegetation patterns is poorly known. Here, we investigated the spatial patterning of species abundance and richness in the vegetation and seed bank of a Mediterranean encroached dehesa in Central Spain. The seed bank was studied with and without a heat shock simulating a spatially homogeneous fire. Semivariograms and cross-semivariograms showed that species richness in the vegetation was aggregated in patches, mainly of herbs, with highest values corresponding to high herb cover and low tree cover. Species richness in the seed bank was also structured in patches, but the spatial pattern was weak. Seedling density of germinates in the seed bank also showed weak spatial pattern. Heating increased overall germination and species richness, and the intensity of the spatial pattern of species richness, particularly of herbaceous species. However, seed bank density patterns disappeared after heat shock because of increased germination of shrubs without spatial pattern. Our results document that the spatial structure of plant richness in the vegetation may persist after fire due to the spatial patterns of herbaceous species in the seed bank, and that postfire species richness patterns can arise independently of fire intensity patterns. However, the spatial structure of the vegetation after fire can be altered by the feedback between shrub encroachment and an eventual fire because of the ubiquitous germination of shrubs.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emran, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gispert, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pardini, G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patterns of soil organic carbon, glomalin and structural stability in abandoned Mediterranean terraced lands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Soil Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glomalin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal variability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil organic carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water storage (voyant)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2012.01493.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">637 - 649</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil carbon (C) storage potential has received considerable attention for its role in climate change mitigation, and much research work has been devoted to studying the effect of land-use change, including land abandonment, on carbon dynamics. A comparative analysis of soil organic carbon (SOC), easily extractable Bradford-reactive soil protein (EE-BRSP) and Bradford-reactive soil protein (BRSP) was carried out at monthly intervals in a land-use sequence including cultivated soils, forest soils, shrubs and pasture in northeast Spain. In general, greater seasonal variations of both EE-BRSP and BRSP were found in soils with less carbon storage capacity. Turnover of glomalin into more stable C forms was associated with a small EE-BRSP:BRSP ratio in better structured soils and BRSP was related to organic carbon, suggesting positive contributions to both the recalcitrant carbon pool and soil structure. This effect seemed to be more pronounced in August when more BRSP was found, probably because of high temperature and dry soils in which glomalin may react to preserve residual adsorbed water and provide better protection in soil microsites. The role of glomalin was further enhanced by the structural stability of aggregates (WSA) investigated in two aggregate fractions (0.25–2.00 and 2.00–5.60 mm), indicating its beneficial effect in aggregation and carbon storage potential. BRSP, SOC and WSA increased significantly (P &lt; 0.001) along the transect and abandonment sequence; the largest WSA values were generally greater in summer in both aggregate fractions. However, values in cultivated soils were always smaller than in soils under shrubs and pasture. Similarly, soils with a smaller carbon pool had the largest proportion of carbon loss as CO2-C when land use changes from vines to pasture. The role of aggregates in protecting organic carbon against mineralization was therefore postulated and highlighted the importance of soil monitoring after land abandonment.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohen, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varga, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vila, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrassaud, E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A multi-scale and multi-disciplinary approach to monitor landscape dynamics: a case study in the Catalan pre-Pyrenees (Spain)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Geographical Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">integrated methodology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mediterranean mountain landscapes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sustainable development</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1475-4959.2010.00368.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">177</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79 - 91</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A multi-scale and multi-disciplinary method was tested in the Catalan pre-Pyrenees in order to understand the relationship between landscape change, landscape processes, and ecological and social characteristics of landscapes. The three scales, and their corresponding methods, help us understand the processes of landscape change: on a general scale, a standardisation due to forest spread; on a detailed scale, a fragmentation of non-forest habitats; and on a local scale, the regeneration and scattering of woody species. Major landscape alterations have been observed through remotely sensed data. Closed forest area grew 140% at the expense of non-forest habitats such as pastures (–75%) and cultivated lands (–95%) during the past 50 years. Ecological metrics show a landscape standardisation (SHDI divided by 3) and a fragmentation of farmed landscapes. These changes, following a spatial pattern based on topography, explain the dynamic of the woody species in residual pastures, despite the persistence of cattle grazing as observed during ﬁeld surveys. Yet, the forest, which constitutes the matrix of landscape, is not stable because of competition between species. The landscape change is related to the decline of the population (divided by 4.5 during the past 50 years) and the agricultural activities (number of farms divided by 2 or 3 during the past 20 years), and the favourable mild climate. The sustainable development of this territory should make the objectives of conservation, biodiversity and landscape protection and the preservation of their Mediterranean features compatible, and support agricultural activities that will contribute to this biological diversity and cultural identity</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakker, Martha M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Doorn, Anne M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farmer-specific relationships between land use change and landscape factors: Introducing agents in empirical land use modelling</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land Use Policy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agent-based modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alentejo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">farmers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marginal areas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regression</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0264837708001294</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">809 - 817</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional empirical land use change models generally assume one average land use decision-maker. Multi-Agent System (MAS) models, on the other hand, acknowledge existence of different types of agents, but their poor empirical embedding remains a serious handicap. This paper demonstrates how agent information can also be incorporated into empirical, biophysical land use models. Agent (farmer) information was captured in four farmer types by means of cluster analysis. The types were distinguished by age, education, property size, distance from residence, and the number of animals owned. This information was made spatially explicit as each ﬁeld in the study area is related to a farmer, based on cadastral information. Statistical interaction terms between farmer type and landscape factors such as remoteness, soil quality, slope and aspect, were tested for signiﬁcance in describing the observed occurrence of three land use changes: afforestation of arable land, abandonment of arable land, and restoration of the traditional Montado system. Results showed that each farmer type uses different criteria for selecting land for a certain land use change. For example, absentee farmers abandon the most remote areas while other farmer types do not use remoteness as a criterion for abandonment; active farmers select the most accessible ﬁelds for afforestation while other farmer types do not; absentee farmers select their best soils for restoration of the traditional Montado system, while active farmers tend to select poor soils. It is demonstrated that each farmer type shows a different relationship between landscape factors and land use changes. Hence, farmer-speciﬁc relationships between landscape and land use contribute signiﬁcantly to the explanation of land use change.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romero-Calcerrada, Raúl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, George L. W.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The role of land abandonment in landscape dynamics in the SPA ‘Encinares del rı́o Alberche y Cofio, Central Spain, 1984–1999</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape and Urban Planning</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Central Spain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape heterogeneity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape metric</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">special protection areas (spa)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">transition matrix model</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169204603001129</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">217 - 232</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4420784822</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land use has changed dramatically over the last 30–40 years throughout the Mediterranean. Much of this change has been driven by shifts in agricultural and socio-economic policy. This paper explores landscape dynamics in the SPA ‘Encinares del r´ıo Alberche y Coﬁo’ Central Spain between 1984 and 1999 in an area of approximately 83,000 ha. Categorical land cover maps, derived from three (1984, 1991 and 1999) remotely sensed Landsat images, are analyzed using a suite of landscape pattern metrics, and a simple transition matrix model of landscape change is developed. As with other landscapes in the Mediterranean a key trend is that of the abandonment of agricultural land and its subsequent succession to scrubland and woodland. Although there were signiﬁcant composition changes in the landscape over the study period conﬁgurational changes are less evident. The transition matrix model suggests that there were differences in landscape dynamics between 1984–1991 and 1991–1999—most importantly an increase in the rate of land abandonment is evident. The model predicts a steady state landscape containing a higher abundance of scrubland and woodland, and a corresponding decline in pastureland and cropland. Finally, the underlying socio-economic and other drivers of landscape change in the Encinares del r´ıo Alberche y Coﬁo and some of the implications of recent changes are discussed in terms of increased wildﬁre risk. Sustainable management of landscapes to protect biodiversity requires the type of study described here. A necessary pre-requisite of such management activities or planning is an assessment of changes in landscape pattern and process, the social and economic pressures driving them, and their possible effects on ecosystem structure and function.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallego Fernández, Juan B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosario García Mora, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García Novo, Francisco</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation dynamics of Mediterranean shrublands in former cultural landscape at Grazalema Mountains, South Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Ecology (formerly Vegetatio)</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human disturbance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean vegetation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regen- erative succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regenerative strategies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary succession</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?id=doi:10.1023/B:VEGE.0000026039.00969.7a</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83 - 94</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant community dynamics in Mediterranean basin ecosystems are mainly driven by an alternation of episodes of human intervention and land abandonment. As a result, a mosaic of plant communities has evolved following different stages of degradation and regeneration. Some authors has relate secondary succession to abandoned culture lands and regeneration to natural systems with abandonment of livestock or forestry exploitation. In this paper, the dynamics of shrublands in mid-mountain areas in the South of Spain after disturbance and land abandonment has been studied. The plant cover and 13 environmental variables of 137 selected sites on the Grazalema mountains was analysed to determine the vegetation pattern in relation to environmental factors and the succession types, either regenerative or secondary succession. The results show that today the Grazalema mountains have a heterogeneous vegetation pattern. Besides physical factors such as altitude or soil pH, human disturbance has modulated current vegetation patterns and dynamics. Two main types of vegetation dynamics can be distinguished in the study area. In areas affected by cutting, regeneration results in rich and dense shrub land, with resprouters as dominant species. In areas affected by recurrent wildﬁres or agriculture, secondary succession became dominant, resulting in less diverse shrubland, due to the dominance of seeders and decrease in resprouter species richness and cover.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record></records></xml>