<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santos, Sónia A O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villaverde, Juan J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sousa, Andreia F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coelho, Jorge F J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neto, Carlos P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvestre, Armando J D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of industrial cork by-products</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Industrial Crops and Products</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">black condensate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork powder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">262-269</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract The phenolic composition of cork powder and black condensate, two by-products from the cork industry, was investigated by the first time using high-performance liquid chromatography-multi-stage mass spectrometry (HPLC–MSn). The same methodology of extraction was applied to cork, for comparative purposes. Eighteen phenolic compounds were identified in cork, five of them are reported for the first time as its constituents. Sixteen and thirteen phenolic compounds were identified as cork powder and black condensate components, respectively, with only one compound of each residue published before as its constituent. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated, being, to our knowledge, the first study concerning the antioxidant activity of these cork residues. The extracts present an antioxidant activity higher than BHT, with black condensate showing the lowest IC50 value. These results, together with the phenolic content values, demonstrate the high potential of these residues as source of high value compounds.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baquedano, F J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castillo, F J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative ecophysiological effects of drought on seedlings of the Mediterranean water-saver Pinus halepensis and water-spenders Quercus coccifera and Quercus ilex</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chlorophyll fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gas exchange and water potential</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">morphological parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pigments</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-700</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecophysiological and structural traits of seedlings of the water-saver Pinus halepensis and the water-spenders Quercus coccifera and Q. ilex were studied in response to water stress under greenhouse conditions. Water deﬁcit reduced stomatal conductance (gs ) and, as a consequence, both net CO2 assimilation (A) and transpiration rate (E) were also reduced. Water stress also emphasized midday downregulation of the photochemical efﬁciency (dynamic photoinhibition) reducing quantum yield of noncyclic electron transport (PSII ), photochemical quenching (qP) and photochemical efﬁciency of the open reaction centres of PSII (F v /F m) and involved an increase of thermal dissipation of excess energy. However, water stress not only induced dynamic photoinhibition but also brought a reduction in Fv/Fm (chronic photoinhibition). Despite the water-saving strategy ofP. halepensisthat limited net CO2 assimilation, this species showed a higher photochemical efﬁciency and lower photoinhibition than Quercusspecies. This was not the result of a different photochemical quenching but was linked to a higher value of F v /F m, indicating a less severe photo-inactivation of PSII. Water stress resulted in a loss of pigment content and in an increase of the carotenoids/chlorophyll ratio, antioxidant capacity and the biomass rate allocated to roots as opposed to that assigned to leaves. P. halepensis showed a lower photoinhibition and antioxidant activity than Quercus species due to its lower pigment content and higher proportion of carotenoids allowing P. halepensis to use, in a more effective way, the lesser excess energy absorbed.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baquedano, F. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castillo, F. J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative ecophysiological effects of drought on seedlings of the Mediterranean water-saver Pinus halepensis and water-spenders Quercus coccifera and Quercus ilex</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chlorophyll fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gas exchange and water potential</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">morphological parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pigments</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1007/s00468-006-0084-0</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689 - 700</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecophysiological and structural traits of seedlings of the water-saver Pinus halepensis and the water-spenders Quercus coccifera and Q. ilex were studied in response to water stress under greenhouse conditions. Water deﬁcit reduced stomatal conductance (gs ) and, as a consequence, both net CO2 assimilation (A) and transpiration rate (E) were also reduced. Water stress also emphasized midday downregulation of the photochemical efﬁciency (dynamic photoinhibition) reducing quantum yield of noncyclic electron transport (PSII ), photochemical quenching (qP) and photochemical efﬁciency of the open reaction centres of PSII (F v /F m) and involved an increase of thermal dissipation of excess energy. However, water stress not only induced dynamic photoinhibition but also brought a reduction in Fv/Fm (chronic photoinhibition). Despite the water-saving strategy ofP. halepensisthat limited net CO2 assimilation, this species showed a higher photochemical efﬁciency and lower photoinhibition than Quercusspecies. This was not the result of a different photochemical quenching but was linked to a higher value of F v /F m, indicating a less severe photo-inactivation of PSII. Water stress resulted in a loss of pigment content and in an increase of the carotenoids/chlorophyll ratio, antioxidant capacity and the biomass rate allocated to roots as opposed to that assigned to leaves. P. halepensis showed a lower photoinhibition and antioxidant activity than Quercus species due to its lower pigment content and higher proportion of carotenoids allowing P. halepensis to use, in a more effective way, the lesser excess energy absorbed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chevolleau, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mallet, J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debal, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ucciani, E</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant activity of mediterranean plant leaves: Occurrence and antioxidative importance of A-tocopherol</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Oil …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hexane extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean plant leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">o-tocopherol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">70</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">807-809</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a-Tocopherol was identified as the main antioxidant in hexane extracts of leaves of sixteen Mediterranean plant species. The a-tocopherol content was determined by a two-step procedure involving column and gas chromatog- raphy with a-tocopherol acetate as internal standard. The tocopherol content of the extracts was in the range of 0.0-4.7%, and that of the dry leaves was 0-846 ppm. The highest a-tocopherol content was found in the leaves of a Mediterranean oak, Quercus ilex. The antioxidative ac- tivity, which was previously investigated, was correlated with the a-tocopherol content. Correlation coefficients were 0.947 and 0.904 for extracts and leaves, respectively.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chevolleau, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mallet, J. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debal, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ucciani, E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant activity of mediterranean plant leaves: Occurrence and antioxidative importance of A-tocopherol</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Oil …</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hexane extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean plant leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">o-tocopherol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/ct659114421h210p.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">70</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">807 - 809</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a-Tocopherol was identified as the main antioxidant in hexane extracts of leaves of sixteen Mediterranean plant species. The a-tocopherol content was determined by a two-step procedure involving column and gas chromatog- raphy with a-tocopherol acetate as internal standard. The tocopherol content of the extracts was in the range of 0.0-4.7%, and that of the dry leaves was 0-846 ppm. The highest a-tocopherol content was found in the leaves of a Mediterranean oak, Quercus ilex. The antioxidative ac- tivity, which was previously investigated, was correlated with the a-tocopherol content. Correlation coefficients were 0.947 and 0.904 for extracts and leaves, respectively.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chevolleau, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mallet, J. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ucciani, E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant activity in leaves of some Mediterranean plants</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hexane extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean plant leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">methanol extracts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/D172Q4Q176772865.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">69</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1269 - 1271</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">{{Hexane and methanol leaf extracts of sixteen Mediter- ranean plant species were obtained by percolation. Higher yields were observed for m e t h a n o l (16.4-47.8%} than for hexane extracts (1.3-13%}. Antioxidant activity of these extracts w a s determined by a rapid spectrophotometric method involving the combined oxidation of beta-carotene and linoleic acid. Leaf extracts were thus characterized by an Antioxidant Activity Coefficient (AAC) ranging from 0 to 1000. Hexane extracts gave m u c h higher A A C values than the corresponding methanol extracts. In both cases, myrtle (Myrtus communis) showed the best antiox- idant effectiveness.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue></record></records></xml>