<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verdasca, Maria João</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leitão, Ana Sofia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santana, Joana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porto, Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, Susana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beja, Pedro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest fuel management as a conservation tool for early successional species under agricultural abandonment: The case of Mediterranean butterflies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disturbance ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape mosaics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean butterﬂy assemblages</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0006320711004423</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">146</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14 - 23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In cultural landscapes there are often negative biodiversity consequences of agricultural abandonment and subsequent scrub and forest encroachment, due to homogenization and the loss of early-successional habitats. The common forestry practice of removing understory vegetation to prevent ﬁre hazard (fuel management) probably has the side-effect of ameliorating these consequences, but it is uncertain whether it effectively restores habitats for early-successional species. Here we examine the inﬂuence of time since fuel management and management frequency on butterﬂy assemblages, using a chronosequence of cork oak (Quercus suber) stands spanning about 70 years. Overall species richness increased immediately after management and abundances peaked about 2–3 years later, while both declined thereafter for about 10–20 years to pre-disturbance levels. Richness and abundances were also much higher in recurrently managed stands. Most life history groups showed successional trends similar to the overall species richness and abundances, though consistent positive effects of fuel management were only observed for species with univoltine life cycle, herbaceous layer feeding, larval overwintering, and intermediate body size. Individual species were largely associated with recent and recurrent management, though a few specialists occurred most often in undisturbed stands. These ﬁndings suggest that fuel management at &lt;10 years intervals is strongly positive for butterﬂy assemblages in landscapes under land abandonment. However, to maintain the overall forest biodiversity it is critical that patches of undisturbed habitat are also retained at the landscape scale.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santana, Joana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porto, Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gordinho, Luís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reino, Luís</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beja, Pedro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term responses of Mediterranean birds to forest fuel management</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Applied Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disturbance ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fire risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">frugivores</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape mosaics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean bird assemblages</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">632-643</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1. Mechanical management of forest fuels is increasingly used in the Euro-Mediterranean region in response to the abandonment of traditional agroforestry and the concurrent increase in fire hazard. Although fuel management may have positive side effects for biodiversity, its long-term impacts remain largely unknown. 2. We used a 70-year post-management chronosequence to investigate the influence of time since fuel management and management frequency on bird assemblages in cork oak Quercus suber forests. 3. Fuel management strongly affected bird species richness, abundances and assemblage composition, with rapid changes often occurring during the first 10–20 years, followed in the next decades by a slow convergence to pre-management levels. 4. In winter, overall species richness and abundance, and that of frugivores and shrub foragers, were negatively affected by recent and recurrent management, only recovering in stands unmanaged for &gt;50 years. In spring, insectivore abundance and the richness and abundance of shrub foragers declined immediately following management, increased to a maximum about 20 years later, and declined thereafter. Breeding granivores and ground foragers were the only groups that benefitted from fuel management. There were no overall effects on species of conservation concern, although a few species with unfavourable status benefitted from fuel management. 5. Synthesis and applications. Our study confirmed that mechanical fuel management has positive effects on some early-successional bird species of conservation concern, although its effects were limited. These benefits should be compared with the strong negative impacts on key bird species such as wintering frugivores, which play a pivotal role in ecosystems by promoting seed dispersal. To reconcile the positive and negative aspects, fuel management should be used to create heterogeneous mosaics of forest patches encompassing a range of sizes (10–100 ha) and successional stages of understorey vegetation, including stands undisturbed for &gt;50 years. This management strategy will likely maintain conditions for a wide range of species with contrasting ecological requirements while also reducing fire hazard.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porto, Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correia, Otilia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beja, Pedro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term consequences of mechanical fuel management for the conservation of Mediterranean forest herb communities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity and Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disturbance ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape mosaics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean plant communities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2669-2691</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mechanical clearing of understory vegetation is increasingly used in EuroMediterranean forests to reduce ﬁre hazard, yet its long-term consequences for biodiversity remain poorly understood. This study analysed the inﬂuence of time since understory management and management frequency, on herbaceous species richness, cover and composition, functional richness and composition, and richness and cover within functional groups (life and growth forms, dispersal strategy, clonality, and plant height), using a chronosequence of cork oak (Quercus suber) stands spanning about 70 years. Overall species richness was virtually constant over time, but the richness of species with annual life form and plasticity in height was much higher in recently and recurrently treated stands; the opposite was found for perennial (mainly hemicryptophytes and chamaephytes), tussock-forming and clonal species richness, and functional richness. Overall herbaceous cover and that of annual, semi-basal, non-clonal and plastic species (in height) were favoured by recent and recurrent fuel treatments; cover by perennial (hemicryptophytes and chamaephytes), short basal, tussock-forming, and clonal species tended to increase for[10–20 years after management, and declined with management frequency. There was a marked shift in species and functional composition associated with time since understory management and management frequency. These ﬁndings suggest that widespread fuel management at\10 year intervals may shift understory herb communities to early-successional stages, impairing the persistence of species and functional groups recovering slowly after disturbance. Fuel management needs to balance the dual goals of ﬁre hazard reduction and biodiversity conservation, retaining undisturbed patches in landscapes otherwise managed to reduce fuel accumulation.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pineda, F D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perspectives on research into spanish open woodlands (dehesa): some recent ecological experiences</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giornale botanico italiano</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conservation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean pastures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spatial organisation of plant communities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1990</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor &amp; Francis</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311-320</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract Dehesa (open savanna-like woodland) is a Mediterranean ecosystem covering some two million hectares in the central, western and southeast parts of the Iberian Peninsula. Its importance as an ecosystem is seen from the perspective of food and energy production, scientific study and cultural traditions (Balcells et al., 1982 a, b; Humbert, 1980; Montoya, 1983; Ruiz, 1986; Vacher et al., 1985). Scientists have been carrying out studies from all of these perspectives for many years. Their conclusions have nevertheless had little influence on Spanish agricultural policy. While the information has been relevant and applicable to the ecosystem's management, policy has always been conditioned by controls on marketing channels, international stock-feed and agricultural machinery markets etc. This has led to a lamentable situation involving the destruction of landscapes, ancestral cultures and extensive grazing in large areas of the Iberian Peninsul (Balabanian, 1980; Campos Palicin, 1983; Fourneau Vacher et al., 1985). Some significant aspects of Spanish research in recent decades is summarized below, covering both the theoretical and the applied aspects of work done, particularly by the Ecology Department of Madrid's two Universities. Research on the dehesa in recent years has covered several phenomena: ? The conditioning factors imposed by climate and meteoroligical fluctuations in Mediterranean environments ? Types of herbivore grazing and pasture management ? Woodland-herbaceous vegetation interaction ? The perception and interpretation of landscapa by both its traditional users as well as others not involved in dehesa management ? Spatial plants organization observable on different scales of detail. Other aspects givin rise to several important studies include changes in land use and historic, institutional, economic, social and conservation question (Elena Rosellò, 1984; Garcia Sanz, 1978; Groome, 1985).</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263509009428151</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263509009428151</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blondel, Jacques</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farré, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The convergent trajectories of bird communities along ecological successions in european forests</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oecologia</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Community dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological succession</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">historical biogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">speciation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1988</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1988///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/X8180240P103025N.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83 - 93</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">There is much more variation in the composition of bird communities in the earlier open and semi-open seral stages of ecological successions in forested landscapes of Europe than later on in preforested and forested climactic stages. The demonstration of this trend is achieved from the study of four habitat gradients, two in the mediterra- nean region (Provence and Corsica) and two in central Eu- rope (Burgundy, France and Poland). A multivariate analy- sis has been used to illustrate the dynamics of communities along these successions. Displays of the results in bivariate space as well as an illustration of the distributional profiles of some of the most characteristic species show that: i) there is a discrimination between the two mediterranean gradients and the two medioeuropean ones and ii) each succession starts with a very distinct set of species and then the four gradients regularly converge in the last climactic stage where there is almost no discrimination between com- munities. These results are discussed in the light of the histo- ry of European biotas during the Pleistocene. The reason why there is more variation in species composition in the earlier seral stages than in the later forested stages are dis- cussed according to current theories on the role of habitat selection on speciation processes.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>