<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baeza, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santana, V. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pausas, J. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vallejo, V. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional trends in standing dead biomass in Mediterranean basin species</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Vegetation Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early and late species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flammability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retaining dead fuel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species replacement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional stages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">woody species</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01262.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">467 - 474</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Question: Landscape models of fire occurrence in ecosystems assume that the time since the last fire determines vegetation flammability by enabling the accumulation of dead biomass. In this study we ask if Mediterranean basin shrublands respond to these models or, on the contrary, if initial successional stages in these ecosystems could be more flammable than later stages. Location: Mediterranean shrubland in the Valencia region, eastern Spain. Methods: Using different stages of vegetation development (5, 9, 14 and 26 years since the last fire), we first study the structural comiosition of the above-ground biomass in 375 individuals of nine woody species. Then, we measure how the standing dead biomass varies during succession, taking into account the surface cover of each species and the quantity of total dead biomass accumulated in different successional stages (3, 9, 14 and 26 years since the last fire). Results: The largest amount of standing dead biomass at the plant community level is observed in the middle stages of the succession. Early successional species, such as Cistus spp., Ulex parviflorus and Pinus halepensis, have a higher percentage of standing dead biomass at earlier stages in the succession than species typical of later successional stages, e.g. Juniperus oxycedrus, Quercus coccifera and Quercus ilex. Conclusions: The results suggest that monotonic increase in fire hazard with increasing stand age is not necessarily the rule in Mediterranean basin shrublands, since early successional species may accumulate large amounts of standing dead biomass and thus promote fire at early successional stages.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fioretto, a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papa, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pellegrino, a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrigno, a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial activities in soils of a Mediterranean ecosystem in different successional stages</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Biology and Biochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ATP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High maquis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meadow</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean ecosystem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrubland</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil enzyme activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Successional stages</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0038071709002557</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">41</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2061 - 2068</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study reports a comparative analysis of soil enzyme activities (b-glucosidase, protease, urease, arylsulphatase, phosphatase and ﬂuorescein diacetate hydrolase), ATP, total N and organic matter contents in three vegetal successional stages (meadow, low shrubland and high maquis) of a Mediterranean ecosystem in the Natural Reserve of Castel Volturno (Campania, Italy). Because water availability is a major limiting factor of soil microbial activity in Mediterranean ecosystems, the analysis was performed in late spring (May), after the rainy period, and in early autumn (October), after the long dry summer. A signiﬁcant decrease in protease, arylsulphatase, urease and b-glucosidase activities was observed in meadow soil in the autumn sampling, probably due to the prolonged summer drought. Combining the values measured in the two sampling dates, the high maquis tended to have higher levels of enzymes activities than shrubland and meadow. Notably, high maquis had signiﬁcantly higher phosphatase and arylsulphatase activities than shrubland and meadow and, in addition, a higher ATP content compared to meadow. Drastic changes were observed in EA/ATP ratios between the sampling periods in the meadow and shrubland, suggesting changes in the efﬁciency of microbial community more likely linked to climatic ﬂuctuations than to the successional stage. The more stable EA/ATP ratio in the maquis probably reﬂects a constant contribution of microbial biomass to enzyme secretion. In conclusion, our results point to an increase in soil microbial activity accompanying the succession from meadow to high maquis that probably reﬂects a parallel increase in soil functions. Nevertheless, spatial heterogeneity and, more important, temporal variations in soil activities often may obscure differences related to the plant cover type.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier Ltd</style></notes></record></records></xml>