<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmona, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ordovas, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, M. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aviles, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguado, M. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortega, M. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrological properties of cork container media</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HORTSCIENCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growing media</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">horticultural substrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydraulic conductivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physical properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water release curves</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1235 - 1241</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Static hydrological properties \{[\}aeration capacity; easily available water, reserve water, water release curves: theta(v)(Psi(m)), and specific humidity curves] and dynamic hydrological properties (saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity) of substrates based on industrial cork residue (the bark of Quercus suber L.) and cork compost were studied. Samples of similar granulometry have been used to establish the effect of cork composting on the aforementioned physical properties. Different models were tested to describe the mechanism of water release from these materials. Van Genuchten's model (Van Genuchten, 1978) was the best fit and produced specific humidity curves that revealed slight differences in the ratio of water capacity function. When cork residues were composted for 7 months, important changes occurred in hydrological properties of the material as it became more wettable. Water retention significantly increased from 45% to 54%, at a potential of 5 kPa, although this did not necessarily result in increased water available to plants. A study of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K-unsat) of these materials revealed a significant decrease in the K-unsat water potential at 0-5 kPa, which corresponds to the range in which the irrigation with these substrates was usually carried out. The long composting process resulted in increased K-unsat between 4 and 5 times that of uncomposted material, which would improve the water supply to the plant.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA&lt;br/&gt;publisher: AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmona, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ordovas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, M T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aviles, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguado, M T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortega, M C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrological properties of cork container media</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HORTSCIENCE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growing media</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">horticultural substrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hydraulic conductivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physical properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water release curves</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1235-1241</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Static hydrological properties \{[\}aeration capacity; easily available water, reserve water, water release curves: theta(v)(Psi(m)), and specific humidity curves] and dynamic hydrological properties (saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity) of substrates based on industrial cork residue (the bark of Quercus suber L.) and cork compost were studied. Samples of similar granulometry have been used to establish the effect of cork composting on the aforementioned physical properties. Different models were tested to describe the mechanism of water release from these materials. Van Genuchten's model (Van Genuchten, 1978) was the best fit and produced specific humidity curves that revealed slight differences in the ratio of water capacity function. When cork residues were composted for 7 months, important changes occurred in hydrological properties of the material as it became more wettable. Water retention significantly increased from 45% to 54%, at a potential of 5 kPa, although this did not necessarily result in increased water available to plants. A study of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K-unsat) of these materials revealed a significant decrease in the K-unsat water potential at 0-5 kPa, which corresponds to the range in which the irrigation with these substrates was usually carried out. The long composting process resulted in increased K-unsat between 4 and 5 times that of uncomposted material, which would improve the water supply to the plant.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>3</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmona, E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ordovas, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortega, M C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aguado, M T</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roeber, RU</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrogen availability in composted cork</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA AND PLANT NUTRITION IN HORTICULTURE</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bark</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">growing media</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N immobilization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1997</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">349-352</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">90-6605-988-5</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Previous studies showed that plants grown in fresh cork (Quercus suber&lt;br/&gt;L. bark) had a reduced growth compared with peat and low rates of N. In&lt;br/&gt;composted cork, however, plant growth was similar with those in peat,&lt;br/&gt;but the N content of plants was still slightly lower.&lt;br/&gt;The purpose of this study was to investigate N availability in fresh and&lt;br/&gt;composted cork during 4, 5.5 and 7 months, using peat as control medium.&lt;br/&gt;The substrates were also incubated at 25 degrees C during 60 days after&lt;br/&gt;adding 0.25, 1.0, 1.75 or 3.0 g ammonium nitrate per 1 of substrate.&lt;br/&gt;Samples were taken periodically to measure NO3-N, NH4-N and total N.&lt;br/&gt;Also the Nitrogen Drawdown Index (NDI) for the addition of 75 mg.l(-1) N&lt;br/&gt;and 150 mg.l(-1) N was measured after incubation at 25 degrees C.&lt;br/&gt;N immobilization rates were well correlated to NDI. NH and soluble N&lt;br/&gt;drawed down rapidly in cork substrates while total N stayed constant.&lt;br/&gt;High rates of ammonium nitrate should be added to maintain a constant&lt;br/&gt;level of available N to plants in cork.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>