<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guénon, René</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vennetier, Michel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupuy, Nathalie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziarelli, Fabio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gros, Raphaël</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil organic matter quality and microbial catabolic functions along a gradient of wildfire history in a Mediterranean ecosystem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Applied Soil Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13C NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biolog</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catabolic evenness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fire recurrence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FT-NIR spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recovery</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-93</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The principal aim of this research was to determine the inﬂuence of an increasing wildﬁre history on the recovery at short and long term of soil organic matter (SOM) composition and microbial properties. The contemporary wildﬁre events (since 1950) were recorded for 27 plots located on the siliceous part of the French Mediterranean region (Maures mountain ranges). A wildﬁre history index was built, tested and calculated in order to display numerical values representative of the different wildﬁre history parameters (i.e. number of ﬁres, time since ﬁre and mean ﬁre interval). Microbial basal respiration and biomass were analysed as well as intensity of the use of 31 C-substrates, catabolic diversity and C-substrates utilisation proﬁles. Furthermore, a qualitative characterisation of the SOM was carried out by solid state 13 C NMR. Potential drivers of the microbial recovery were identiﬁed by studying the relationships between microbial activities and chemical functions of SOM. Our results showed that ﬁre histories resulting in considerable losses or alterations of SOM, such as recent or close ﬁres, decreased the microbial catabolic evenness. This could be attributed to a preferential utilisation of N-containing compounds and complex substrates such as aromatic and polymers reﬂecting a greater N microbial demand and a selection of speciﬁc catabolic functions. Moreover, a large number of ﬁres (4 ﬁres in 57 years compared to 1–2) resulted in lasting degradation of the relative intensity of methyl C function in polymethylene, O-Alkyl C, aromatic C and phenolic C functions inducing a slow-down in recovery of microbial properties. These results also conﬁrm our hypothesis that some chemical functions of SOM can be in equilibrium with wildﬁre history. Finally, this research demonstrates that FT-NIR analysis can be used as a valuable tool to assess both the wildﬁre history and the vulnerability of soil quality to shifts in historical ﬁre regimes</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castola, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bighelli, Ange</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rezzi, Serge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melloni, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gladiali, Serafino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desjobert, Jean-Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Casanova, Joseph</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Composition and chemical variability of the triterpene fraction of dichloromethane extracts of cork (Quercus suber L.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Industrial Crops and Products</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13C NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical variability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemometric analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extracts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0926669001000917</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15 - 22</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3349552412</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dichloromethane extracts were prepared from 38 samples of cork harvested in different locations of Corsica and Sardinia from individual trees of Quercus suber L. Friedelin, 3--hydroxyfriedelan-2-one, betulin, betulinic acid, -sitosterol and sitost-4-en-3-one were identiﬁed and their molar percentages were calculated by 13 C NMR spectroscopy, following a procedure recently developed by our group. The results were submitted to chemometric analysis (k-means and principal component analysis), which allowed three groups to be distinguished with respect to the content of friedelin, betulinic acid and 3--hydroxyfriedelan-2-one.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castola, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bighelli, Ange</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rezzi, Serge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melloni, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gladiali, Serafino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desjobert, Jean-Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Casanova, Joseph</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Composition and chemical variability of the triterpene fraction of dichloromethane extracts of cork (Quercus suber L.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Industrial Crops and Products</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13C NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical variability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemometric analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extracts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15-22</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3349552412</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dichloromethane extracts were prepared from 38 samples of cork harvested in different locations of Corsica and Sardinia from individual trees of Quercus suber L. Friedelin, 3--hydroxyfriedelan-2-one, betulin, betulinic acid, -sitosterol and sitost-4-en-3-one were identiﬁed and their molar percentages were calculated by 13 C NMR spectroscopy, following a procedure recently developed by our group. The results were submitted to chemometric analysis (k-means and principal component analysis), which allowed three groups to be distinguished with respect to the content of friedelin, betulinic acid and 3--hydroxyfriedelan-2-one.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gil, A M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lopes, M H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pascoal Neto, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callaghan, P T</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An NMR microscopy study of water absorption in cork</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Materials Science</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13C NMR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cell structure (voyant)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suberin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WATER ABSORPTION</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1891-1900</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NMR Microscopy is used to measure the imbibition of water into natural cork, extractives-free cork and desuberised cork. The results clearly indicate that suberin is the key constituent which determines the ability of cork to resist water uptake. Furthermore, a particular suberin with distinct spectral properties as viewed by 13C NMR is shown to be the component responsible for cork resistance to water absorption. Laser confocal microscopy suggests that this function is associated with the role of suberin in preserving cell wall structure but the highly hydrophobic nature of suberin may also play an important role. The NMR microscopy study shows that the water absorbed by natural cork, after soaking for three days, is confined to the lenticels, narrow channels on the order of 1000 to 1500 μm in diameter. One incidental outcome is the observation of a clear down-field shift in NMR frequency for water near the cut transverse surfaces of the cork, an effect~associated with susceptibility inhomogeneity.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>