<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corcobado, Tamara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solla, Alejandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madeira, Manuel A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, Gerardo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Combined effects of soil properties and Phytophthora cinnamomi infections on Quercus ilex decline</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT AND SOIL</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitrogen deposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oak decline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root-rot disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil compaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil texture</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">373</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">403 - 413</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The importance of soil properties as determinants of tree vitality and Phytophthora cinnamomi root infections was analysed. The study comprised 96 declining stands in western Spain, where declining and non-declining holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) trees were sampled. Soil properties (soil depth, Ah horizon thickness, texture, pH, redox potential, soil bulk density and N-NH4 (+) and N-NO3 (-) concentrations) and P. cinnamomi infections were assessed. Tree mortality rates increased with low soil bulk densities, which were also associated with more P. cinnamomi-infected trees. Occurrence of infected trees was higher in fine textured soils and in thick Ah horizons. Fine textured soils favoured trees, but with the presence of P. cinnamomi their health status deteriorated. Soil under declining trees had higher N-NO3 (-)/N-NH4 (+) ratio values than under non-declining trees. Additional soil properties changes associated to grazing were not related to decline and P. cinnamomi infections. The implications of P. cinnamomi in holm oak decline and the influence of soil properties as contributors to pathogen activity were demonstrated. Fine soil textures and thick Ah horizons, usually favourable for vigour and vitality of trees growing in the Mediterranean climate, were shown to be disadvantageous soil properties if P. cinnamomi was present. Fine soil textures and thick Ah horizons are frequently related with higher levels of soil moisture, which increase the inoculum of the pathogen and favours root infection. Grazing does not seem to be directly linked to Q. ilex health status or P. cinnamomi root rot.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Miguel, José Manuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acosta-Gallo, Belén</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gómez-Sal, Antonio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Understanding Mediterranean Pasture Dynamics: General Tree Cover vs. Specific Effects of Individual Trees</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rangeland Ecology &amp; Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">free-ranging livestock</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pasture management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scattered trees</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvopastoral systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">topography effect</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2111/REM-D-12-00016.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">216 - 223</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The study investigated the effect of general and homogeneous tree cover on grassland composition on an extensive Mediterranean rangeland with sparse oak trees in central Spain. We analyzed this effect together with other significant factors identified in this type of rangeland: topography and plowing. Data were collected in the 1984 growing season and they form part of a historical database on the characteristics of vegetation and livestock behavior; these data refer to grasslands below and away from the tree crowns of 91 individual trees, located in different topographical positions and in areas that were last plowed at different times.We used multivariate analyses to identify the main compositional trends of variation in pasture communities. The results indicate that the herbaceous community below tree crowns was more similar to that of the lowland areas than to the nearby areas away from the tree. This result supports the idea of tree cover in semiarid rangelands as a factor attenuating the effects on pastures of environmental conditions typical of high and intermediate topographical positions—generally presenting low soil moisture and fertility. Coupled with this, we also found effects of some individual trees related with the way livestock uses them as shelter and resting places. Our results indicate that the role played by dispersed trees in the management of this type of rangeland should be analyzed at two complementary spatial scales: the overall effect of tree cover as a factor acting at landscape scale and the specific effect of some individual trees acting at a more detailed scale.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record></records></xml>