<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La Porta, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capretti, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thomsen, I M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kasanen, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hietala, A M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Von Weissenberg, K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest pathogens with higher damage potential due to climate change in Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global warming</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">opportunistic fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pathogenic fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">predisposition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">review</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water stress</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor &amp; Francis</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">177-195</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract Most atmospheric scientists agree that climate changes are going to increase the mean temperature in Europe with increased frequency of climatic extremes, such as drought, floods, and storms. Under such conditions, there is high probability that forests will be subject to increased frequency and intensity of stress due to climatic extremes. Therefore, impacts of climate change on forest health should be carefully evaluated. Given these assumptions, several fungal diseases on trees may become more devastating because of the following factors: (i) abiotic stresses, such as drought and flooding, are known to predispose trees to several pathogens; (ii) temperature and moisture affect pathogen sporulation and dispersal, and changes in climatic conditions are likely to favour certain pathogens; (iii) migration of pathogens triggered by climatic change may increase disease incidence or geographical range, when pathogens encounter new hosts and (or) new potential vectors; and (iv) new threats may appear either because of a change in tree species composition or because of invasive species. If infection success is dependent on temperature, higher mean temperatures may lead to more attacks. Pathogens that have been of importance in southern Europe may spread northward and also upward to mountains. Pathogens with evolutionary potential for greater damage should be identified to estimate the magnitude of the threat and to prepare for the changing conditions. A review of the above-mentioned cases is presented. Some priorities to improve the ability to predict impacts of climate change on tree diseases are discussed.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/07060661.2008.10540534</style></notes><research-notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/07060661.2008.10540534</style></research-notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Beaulieu, J.-L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miras, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrieu-Ponel, V.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guiter, F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation dynamics in north-western Mediterranean regions: Instability of the Mediterranean bioclimate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human impact</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">palaeoclimates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">palynology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">review</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263500500197858</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">114 - 126</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract Pollen and plant macrofossil records from a selection of sites in Spain, France and Italy are used to explore the origin and the development of the Mediterranean vegetation. The role of evergreen and summergreen taxa is discussed. The expansion of sclerophyllous trees during the Pleistocene interglacials is well correlated with the orbital forcing. During the Holocene, the large number of data illustrates latitudinal and longitudinal differences in vegetation dynamics. Multidisciplinary studies identify short terms climatic fluctuations. The debate is still open between those who attribute an increase of sclerophyllous forests during the late Holocene to a trend toward aridity and those who consider this dynamic as human-induced.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/11263500500197858doi: 10.1080/11263500500197858The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Taylor &amp; Francis</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kesselmeier, J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staudt, M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC): An overview on emission, physiology and ecology</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alkanes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">alkenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbonyls</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ecology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emission</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">emission inventories</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">isoprene</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nonmethane hydrocarbons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oxygenated compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">review</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">terpenes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volatile Organic Compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPRINGER</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23-88</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This overview compiles the actual knowledge of the biogenic emissions of some volatile organic compounds (VOCs), i.e., isoprene, terpenes, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, esters, carbonyls, and acids. We discuss VOC biosynthesis, emission inventories, relations between emission and plant physiology as well as temperature and radiation, and ecophysiological functions. For isoprene and monoterpenes, an extended summary of standard emission factors, with data related to the plant genus and species, is included. The data compilation shows that we have quite a substantial knowledge of the emission of isoprene and monoterpenes, including emission rates, emission regulation, and biosynthesis. The situation is worse in the case of numerous other compounds (other VOCs or OVOCs) being emitted by the biosphere. This is reflected in the insufficient knowledge of emission rates and biological functions. Except for the terpenoids, only a limited number of studies of OVOCs are available; data are summarized for alkanes, alkenes, carbonyls, alcohols, acids, and esters. In addition to closing these gaps of knowledge, one of the major objectives for future VOC research is improving our knowledge of the fate of organic carbon in the atmosphere, ending up in oxidation products and/or as aerosol particles.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>