<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sivak, Henry</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Legal Geographies of Catastrophe: Forests, Fires, and Property in Colonial Algeria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geographical Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">colonialism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">legal geography</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">556-574</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forest fires in Algeria in the 1850s and 1860s suggest a link between environmentally induced catastrophes and the geographies of property and territory in the colony. In eastern Algeria, these fires helped fuel a discussion over the security and reliability of European settlers’ property rights and of the colonial state's ability to guarantee them. Following a brief analysis of forestry policy in France and Algeria, this paper analyzes some of the correspondence and official reports that emerged in the wake of major conflagrations. By the early 1860s, settlers and private forestry companies were calling the colonial state's credibility into question and demanding far-reaching changes to the property law and land-use regimes in place in the colony. Eventually, colonial authorities moved to help cement settlers’ property claims, eliminating enclaves and imposing new rules on “native” Algerians’ rights to use the forest. This essay concludes by suggesting that the process of making property private, in Algeria and elsewhere, is informed by perceptions of risk and by the modes of awareness inspired by environmentally induced catastrophic events.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">González-García, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dias, Ana Cláudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arroja, Luis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life-cycle assessment of typical Portuguese cork oak woodlands.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Science of the total environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental impact</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry: methods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">montado</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portugal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reproduction cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trees</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier B.V.</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">452-453</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355-364</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork forest systems are responsible for making an important economic contribution to the Mediterranean region, especially Portugal where the cork oak woodlands or montados contain about 32% of the world's area. The environmental profile derived from reproduction cork production and extraction in two Portuguese regions (Tagus valley and Alentejo) representative of the Portuguese sector were assessed in detail using the Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology from a cradle-to-gate perspective. The production line was divided into four stages considering all the processes involved: stand establishment, stand management, cork stripping and field recovery. According to the environmental results, there were remarkable differences between the two production scenarios mainly due to the intensity and repetition of forest activities even though the cork yield was reported to be the same. The management system in the Alentejo region presented the worse environmental profile in almost all the impact categories under assessment, mainly due to the shorter cycle duration of the mechanical cleaning and pruning processes. Cork stripping was identified in both scenarios as the production stage with the highest contribution to the environmental profile due to the cleaning and pruning processes. A sensitivity assessment concerning the cork yield was performed since the average production yields in the Portuguese montados are lower than the ones used in this study. Thus, if the cork yield is reduced, the environmental profile in both scenarios gets worse since almost all the forest activities involved are the same.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23534999</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a. R. Graves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgess, P. J. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palma, J. H. N. H. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herzog, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertomeu, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupraz, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liagre, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keesman, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Werf, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Nooy, a Koeffeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van den Briel, J. P. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graves, a R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgess, P. J. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palma, J. H. N. H. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herzog, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertomeu, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupraz, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liagre, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keesman, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Werf, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Nooy, a Koeffeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van den Briel, J. P. P.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and application of bio-economic modelling to compare silvoarable, arable, and forestry systems in three European countries</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arable</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Economics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farm-SAFE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poplar</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvoarable</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walnut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yield-SAFE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0925857406002333</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">434 - 449</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvoarable agroforestry could promote use of trees on farms in Europe, but its likely effect on production, farm proﬁtability, and environmental services is poorly understood. Hence, from 2001 to 2005, the Silvoarable Agroforestry for Europe project developed a systematic process to evaluate the biophysical and economic performance of arable, forestry, and silvoarable systems in Spain, France, and The Netherlands. A biophysical model called “Yield-SAFE” was developed to predict long-term yields for the different systems and local statistics and expert opinion were used to derive their revenue, costs, and pre- and post-2005 grant regimes. These data were then used in an economic model called “Farm-SAFE” to predict plot- and farm-scale proﬁtability. Land equivalent ratios were greater than one, showing Yield-SAFE predicted that growing trees and crops in silvoarable systems was more productive than growing them separately. Pre-2005 grants in Spain and The Netherlands penalised silvoarable systems, but post-2005 grants were more equitable. In France, walnut and poplar silvoarable systems were consistently the most proﬁtable system under both grant regimes. In Spain, holm oak and stone pine silvoarable systems were the least proﬁtable system under pre-2005 grants, but only marginally less proﬁtable than arable systems under post-2005 grants. In The Netherlands, low timber values and the opportunity cost of losing arable land for slurry manure application made silvoarable and forestry systems uncompetitive with arable systems under both grant regimes.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a.R. Graves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgess, P.J. J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palma, J.H.N. H N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herzog, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertomeu, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupraz, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liagre, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keesman, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Werf, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Nooy, a. Koeffeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van den Briel, J.P. P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graves, a.R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burgess, P.J. J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palma, J.H.N. H N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herzog, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertomeu, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupraz, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liagre, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keesman, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Werf, W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Nooy, a. Koeffeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van den Briel, J.P. P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development and application of bio-economic modelling to compare silvoarable, arable, and forestry systems in three European countries</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agroforestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arable</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biophysical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Economics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farm-SAFE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poplar</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvoarable</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walnut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yield-SAFE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">434-449</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvoarable agroforestry could promote use of trees on farms in Europe, but its likely effect on production, farm proﬁtability, and environmental services is poorly understood. Hence, from 2001 to 2005, the Silvoarable Agroforestry for Europe project developed a systematic process to evaluate the biophysical and economic performance of arable, forestry, and silvoarable systems in Spain, France, and The Netherlands. A biophysical model called “Yield-SAFE” was developed to predict long-term yields for the different systems and local statistics and expert opinion were used to derive their revenue, costs, and pre- and post-2005 grant regimes. These data were then used in an economic model called “Farm-SAFE” to predict plot- and farm-scale proﬁtability. Land equivalent ratios were greater than one, showing Yield-SAFE predicted that growing trees and crops in silvoarable systems was more productive than growing them separately. Pre-2005 grants in Spain and The Netherlands penalised silvoarable systems, but post-2005 grants were more equitable. In France, walnut and poplar silvoarable systems were consistently the most proﬁtable system under both grant regimes. In Spain, holm oak and stone pine silvoarable systems were the least proﬁtable system under pre-2005 grants, but only marginally less proﬁtable than arable systems under post-2005 grants. In The Netherlands, low timber values and the opportunity cost of losing arable land for slurry manure application made silvoarable and forestry systems uncompetitive with arable systems under both grant regimes.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romano, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noronha, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martins-Loução, M a</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of Growth Regulators on Shoot Proliferation in Quercus suber L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Auxins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">browning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork-oak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cytokinins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forestry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">multiplication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">re-invigoration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">re-multiplication</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">two-phase medium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">70</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">531-536</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procedures have been developed to standardize the multiplication stage during mature cork-oak (Quercus suber L.) micropropagation. Axillary and terminal buds were established on Gresshoff and Doy basal medium containing 1 mg I−1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Initiation of cultures was possible all over the year. The effects of BAP, Z, IBA, 1AA and NAA and various nutrient formulae on shoot growth and proliferation was investigated. BAP was more suitable than zeatin. Shoot proliferation and elongation were strongly improved by the combination BAP/IAA in the presence of low salt media, like Gresshoff and Doy or Woody Plant medium. Both rates were significantly increased when a double-phase culture system was used. Shoots have been multiplied for 1 year at the rate of three to four-fold every 4 weeks without any decline of vigour. Rooting was achieved by briefly dipping the basal ends of in vitro regenerated shoots in an IBA concentrated solution. The results here reported constitute a promising step towards large scale in vitro propagation of a species in which conventional vegetative propagation by cuttings is very difficult.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>