<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torres, Ivan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cespedes, Blanca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perez, Beatriz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moreno, Jose M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial relationships between the standing vegetation and the soil seed bank in a fire-prone encroached dehesa in Central Spain</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLANT ECOLOGY</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land abandonment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seeder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Semivariogram</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species richness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">214</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">195 - 206</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postfire vegetation regeneration in many fire-prone ecosystems is soil seed bank dependent. Although vegetation and seed bank may be spatially structured, the role of prefire vegetation patterns and fire in determining postfire vegetation patterns is poorly known. Here, we investigated the spatial patterning of species abundance and richness in the vegetation and seed bank of a Mediterranean encroached dehesa in Central Spain. The seed bank was studied with and without a heat shock simulating a spatially homogeneous fire. Semivariograms and cross-semivariograms showed that species richness in the vegetation was aggregated in patches, mainly of herbs, with highest values corresponding to high herb cover and low tree cover. Species richness in the seed bank was also structured in patches, but the spatial pattern was weak. Seedling density of germinates in the seed bank also showed weak spatial pattern. Heating increased overall germination and species richness, and the intensity of the spatial pattern of species richness, particularly of herbaceous species. However, seed bank density patterns disappeared after heat shock because of increased germination of shrubs without spatial pattern. Our results document that the spatial structure of plant richness in the vegetation may persist after fire due to the spatial patterns of herbaceous species in the seed bank, and that postfire species richness patterns can arise independently of fire intensity patterns. However, the spatial structure of the vegetation after fire can be altered by the feedback between shrub encroachment and an eventual fire because of the ubiquitous germination of shrubs.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS&lt;br/&gt;publisher: SPRINGER</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Currás, a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zamora, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reed, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García-Soto, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrero, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armengol, X.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mezquita-Joanes, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marqués, M. a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riera, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julià, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climate change and human impact in central Spain during Roman times: High-resolution multi-proxy analysis of a tufa lake record (Somolinos, 1280m asl)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catena</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Central Spain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marl lake</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palaeoenvironment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palaeolimnology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roman Warm Period</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816211001780</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31 - 53</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Roman Period is considered a crucial phase in the evolution of Holocene landscapes, due to the coincidence of major climatic, environmental, economic and cultural changes. However, there is still debate as to the regional expression of these changes, and to the mechanisms involved, particularly in the topographically and climatically complex region of the Mediterranean. In order to improve our understanding of the synergies between societal and environmental change during this period in central Spain, we present a comprehensive case study based on the integration of multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental, archaeological and historical data. High-resolution, interdisciplinary research has been performed on a 3.8 m thick sediment record from the Somolinos tufa lake (1280 m asl), located in a continental Mediterranean area. The analyses include pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), macrocharcoal, ostracods, diatoms, other biotic remains and sedimentology. The Somolinos sequence extends from the 9th century cal BC (Pre-Roman) to the 8th century AD (Early Medieval). The multi-proxy data reveal substantial climate variability during this period. More humid conditions prevailed from 700 to 250 cal BC, while the climate became more arid during the Roman Period (50 cal BC to 70 cal AD). Later on, increased humidity characterized the period from 100 cal AD to 400 cal AD, followed by a progressive arid phase (400 to 715 cal AD) that culminated in total desiccation of the lake. During this time the Romans introduced a new and complex system of resource management in the area, including large-scale farming, grazing, forestry and mining. A strong shift in land use occurred after 80 cal BC, resulting in extensive woodland clearing throughout the range, and in an enhancement of soil erosion and lake productivity. The high-resolution analysis indicates that the peak in Roman impact occurred one century later than the climate changed towards drier conditions. In contrast, social–economical decline and aridiﬁcation were synchronous in Visigothic times (from 5th to 8th centuries AD). The Somolinos record indicates that Roman ‘humid period’ is not a simple phase as some suggest. The observed environmental changes resulted from the interaction of different driving factors.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier B.V.</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farris, Emmanuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Filigheddu, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deiana, Pietrino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farris, Giovanni a</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garau, Giovanni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Short-term effects on sheep pastureland due to grazing abandonment in a Western Mediterranean island ecosystem: A multidisciplinary approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal for Nature Conservation</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">animal-plant interactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitat directive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean basin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial community</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plant diversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poetea bulbosae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil fertility</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1617138109000910</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">258 - 267</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changes of pasture communities consequent to management practices resulting from land abandonment considerably affect the structure and function of the ecosystem. This study analyses the consequences of grazing abandonment in terms of plant and soil microbial diversity and fertility, on a Mediterranean upland sheep pasture, over a short period (ﬁve years). Grazing was experimentally excluded by fencing ten 10 10 m permanent plots within an area that had supported grazing until 2000, by 0.23 sheep ha 1 . Plant and soil microbial communities and physicochemical parameters were monitored within the fenced and unfenced control plots, during three sampling times from 2000 (before the fencing) to 2005. Grazing cessation notably altered the ﬂoral composition, with an average dissimilarity of 96.7% between the vegetation communities, over ﬁve years. No signiﬁcant change occurred in the control plots that were grazed throughout the sampling period. This work highlighted that, over a short term, the structural change in the speciﬁc plant composition affected only the grass species, conﬁrming that grazing favours the small-sized species over the annual species. Further, it was evident that species groups of conservational and phytogeographic interest, like the endemic and Mediterranean-Atlantic species, tended to disappear with pasture abandonment and were substituted by more widespread species throughout the Mediterranean or even the world. Pasture abandonment was accompanied by an increase of soil pH and a decrease in soil organic matter and soil nitrogen. The microbial parameters recorded at three different sampling times revealed a substantial effect of the plant community, or the time of grazing abandonment, on soil microbial abundance and diversity. Considerable importance is given to the consequences of pasture abandonment on the conservation of plant and microbial diversity and on soil fertility.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Elsevier</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balbontín, Javier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Negro, Juan José</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarasola, José Hernán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrero, Juan José</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivera, Domingo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use changes may explain the recent range expansion of the Black-shouldered Kite Elanus caeruleus in southern Europe</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">colonization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehesa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">habitat selection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">occurrence models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">raptors.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00845.x</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">707 - 716</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Occasional observations of Black-shouldered Kites Elanus caeruleus in Europe date back to the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in southern Europe, or both. As a ﬁrst step to understanding this range expansion process we have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46 breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Speciﬁcally, the percentage of dehesas with planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. &lt; 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat) within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal adequate model classiﬁed 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily contain pastureland for livestock ranching</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakker, Martha M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Govers, Gerard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Doorn, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quetier, Fabien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chouvardas, Dimitris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rounsevell, Mark</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The response of soil erosion and sediment export to land-use change in four areas of Europe: The importance of landscape pattern</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geomorphology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EUROPE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land-use change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape pattern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil erosion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X07002292</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">98</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">213 - 226</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The response of erosion and sediment export to past land-use change has been studied in four agricultural areas of Europe. Three of these areas were subject to land abandonment or de-intensification and one to intensification of land-use practices. Erosion and sediment yield were modeled using the WaTEM/SEDEM model, which combines the RUSLE equation with a sediment routing algorithm. Spatial relationships between the RUSLE C-factor (i.e. land-use) and other erosion and sediment exportdetermining factors (slope, soil erodibility and distance to rivers) were investigated, as these account for non-linearity in the response of erosion and sediment export to land-use change. Erosion and sediment export have decreased enormously in the de-intensified areas, but slightly increased in the intensively cultivated area. The spatial pattern of land-use change in relation to other erosion and sediment export-determining factors appears to have a large impact on the response of soil erosion and sediment export to land-use change. That the drivers of abandonment of arable land and erosion coincide indicates that de-intensification leads to a more favourable landscape pattern with respect to reduction of erosion and sediment export. This mechanism applies not only within the study areas, but also among the European study areas where the process of intensification of some areas and de-intensification of others might result in an overall decrease of erosion and sediment yield through time</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-4</style></issue></record></records></xml>