The effect of cork removal on the radial growth and phenology of young cork oak trees

The effect of the removal of cork was studied in 11-years old cork oak trees (Quercus suber L.), growing in favorable conditions, in relation to phenology and radial growth during two years. Longevity of leaves was 14±15 months (1996, 1998) and 10 months (1997). Bud burst started in mid-February and leaf ¯ushing in April, extending until June. Neither a distinct two-period ¯ushing nor an autumn bud burst or leaf ¯ushing were observed. Radial growth started in mid-April and continued until the end of November, with the maximum growth in June and July. In trees with the removal of cork, leaf abscission occurred a little earlier and new branches had on average 23% fewer new leaves. The radial growth of the trees and its general seasonal pattern were not affected by cork removal in the year of removal or in the year after. The only observation was a shift of the maximum radial growth rate from June to July for the trees where cork had been removed