The place of the Tenagi Philippon in the Pleistocene stratigraphical sequence

From an analysis of a 120 m section in Eastern Macedonia a sequence steppe and forest phases became evident. By C14 analysis it could be proved that during the stadial phases within the Weichselian an open Artemisia-Chenopodiaceae steppe existed in the area. On the other hand during the interstadials, shrub steppe phases in which pine and oak were present, existed in the area. During the interglacials forest was found. In these forests a Carpinus-Ulmus belt was succeeded by a Pinus nigra-Abies zone. In this zone the presence of Ericaceae is of importance (WIJMSTRA 1969). It became also clear from the analysis of this section that the glacial phases were equally long, but in each glacial the development of the Vegetation sequence and consequently of the climate was different. It was possible to establish the position of the Holstein interglacial either at a depth between 78 and 70 m or between 62 and 62.5 m. In this interglacial the presence of Pterocorya is worth mentioning, also Buxus and Myrtus were found in this interval. In the first phase between 87 and 105 m a series of three humid zones existed. In these zones Carpinus and Ulmus were important constituents of the Vegetation. These zones were found separated by long dry periods when the forest was dominated by Pinus nigra, Pinus heldreichii and evergreen oaks from the group Quercus ilex/coccifera. In this dry type of forest frequently naturally buming lead to open places. On these open places at first an Artemisia-Chenopodiaceae Vegetation was present.