<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martínez-Vilalta, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piñol, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beven, K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A hydraulic model to predict drought-induced mortality in woody plants: an application to climate change in the Mediterranean</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Modelling</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drought-induced mortality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modelling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phillyrea latifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water transport</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2002///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030438000200025X</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127 - 147</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The potential effects of climate change on vegetation are of increasing concern. In the Mediterranean region, the dominant impact of climate change is expected to be through the modiﬁcation of water balance. In this paper we present a model developed to predict drought-induced mortality of woody plants under different climatic scenarios. The model is physiologically-based and simulates water transport within individual woody plants, which can be isolated or competing for a common water resource. The model assumes that plant mortality is controlled by the carbon balance: when the plant is unable to transport water to the leaves it ceases to acquire carbon and, if this situation lasts long enough, it can no longer survive. In the particular application that we report in this study, two evergreen species are compared, Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia, which were very differently affected by the acute drought that occurred in E Spain in summer 1994. While in some Q. ilex populations the amount of individuals that dried completely was up to 80%, P. latifolia showed almost no damage. During the years 1999 and 2000, canopy transpiration was monitored using sap-ﬂow sensors in individuals of these two species in a Holm-oak forest from NE Spain. A Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) approach was used to calibrate the model against sap-ﬂow measurements. The only difference between species that was introduced ‘a priori’ was that Q. ilex was more vulnerable to xylem embolism than P. latifolia (based on our own measurements in the study area). During the calibration process the information provided by the measured sap ﬂows was used to retain the more likely parameter sets for each species. These parameter sets were used in all the following simulations. The model was able to accurately simulate transpiration dynamics of the two species in the study area. When the meteorological conditions of summer 1994 were introduced, the model outputs also reproduced the differential impact that drought had on the two species studied. In the simulations under climate change two factors were explored: the increase in mean temperature (+1.5, +3 and +4.5 °C) through its effect on ET , and the duration of summer drought. Under any of the scenarios, mortalities were much higher for Q. ilex: while this species was predicted to survive with less than 5% mortality droughts of up to 84–94 days, the mortality of P. latifolia reached 5% between days 133 and 150. For droughts longer than 3 months, which is approximately the current drought duration in the study area for dry years, the mortality of Q. ilex increased sharply. These results are discussed in relation to the possible long-term impacts of climate change on Q. ilex-dominated forests</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Filella, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Llusia, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siscart, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piñol, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative field study of spring and summer leaf gas exchange and photobiology of the mediterranean trees Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Experimental Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">fluorescence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intrinsic water use efficiency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">net photosynthetic rates</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phillyrea latifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photochemical efficiency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photochemical reflectance index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthetic radiation-use-efficiency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">reflectance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">summer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water index</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/49/319/229.abstract</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">229 - 238</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summer-induced changes in gas exchange, fluorescence and reflectance were measured on leaves of two co-occurring Mediterranean small trees, Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia, in May, June and July 1996 in Central Catalonia (NE Spain). The humid 1996 summer only produced mild water stress conditions. However, photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (gs) decreased in June and July in both species. In June P. latifolia had higher net photosynthetic rates and lower stomatal conductances than Q. ilex, thus exhibiting higher instantaneous plant water use efficiencies. In agreement with these results, the photo-chemical reflectance index (PRI, calculated as (R570-R531)/(R531+R570)) of P. latifolia was lower, suggesting a possible lower xanthophyll de-epoxidation state. However, P. latifolia had lower ΔF/F′ and therefore a lower electron transport rate (ETR). The behaviour of PRI confirmed previous studies indicating a strong relationship between PRI, ΔF/F′ , and photosynthetic radiation-use efficiency (PRUE). PRI offers a simple, portable means of assessing PRUE with the potential for remote sensing applications. Finally, the possible ecological consequences of these results on the behaviour of the two species studied under the predicted warmer and drier conditions of global change are discussed.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">319</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1093/jxb/49.319.22910.1093/jxb/49.319.229</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Filella, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Llusia, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piñol, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penuelas, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf gas exchange and ﬂuorescence of Phillyrea latifolia, Pistacia lentiscus and Quercus ilex saplings in severe drought and high temperature conditions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental and Experimental Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drought</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hF/F’m</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phillyrea latifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">photosynthetic rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistacia lentiscus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">213 - 220</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saplings of Phillyrea latifolia, Pistacia lentiscus and Quercus ilex were witheld watering for 7 days, followed by reirrigation. Incident photosynthetic photon ﬂux density (PPFD), leaf temperature, net photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, and photochemical efﬁciency of the photosystem II (DF:F’m) were measured three times during the day. The watered plants had higher photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductances, DF:F’m and ETR than non-watered plants. However, watered plants were mildly water stressed as shown by low ratio of variable to maximal ﬂuorescence (Fv:Fm) and high non-photochemical ﬂuorescence quenching (qN). Their DF:F%m was low in the morning and increased in the evening, following the variations in PPFD. Watered plants of Q. ilex had lower photosynthetic activity, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic radiation use efﬁciency than Ph. latifolia and P. lentiscus, and, conversely, reached the highest DF:F%m and ETR. This seems to indicate a different relationship between photosynthetic activity and electron transport rate in Q. ilex compared to the other two species. Ph. latifolia and P. lentiscus appeared to be better adapted to severe drought than Q. ilex.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piñol, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alcañiz, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roda, F.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon dioxide efflux and pCO 2 in soils of threeQuercus ilex montane forests</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biogeochemistry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">carbon cycle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon dioxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean ecosystems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">soil atmosphere</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil respiration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/P8U8167914T25968.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191 - 215</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil CO2 efflux and pCO2 in the soil atmosphere were measured during one year at three montane sites of Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests in NE Spain. Two sites were located in the upper and lower slopes of a small catchment in the Prades mountains (mean precipitation 550 mm year-'), and a third site was located on a lower slope in the Montseny mountains (mean precipitation 900 mm year-'). The three sites were similar in bedrock and vegetation, but differed in soil characteristics and water availability. Seasonal variation of CO2 efflux and soil pCO2 were affected by soil temperature and, to a lesser extent, by soil moisture. Annual mean soil CO2 efflux (considered as soil respiration) was similar at Montseny and at the comparably located site at Prades (83 ± 18 S.E. vs. 75 4 9 mg CO2 m - 2 hour- , respectively), and was highest at the Prades upper slope site (122 ± 22 mg CO2 m -2 hour-l). Despite those relatively similar CO 2 effluxes, mean soil pCO2 was much higher at both Prades sites than at Montseny. Soil pCO2 always increased with depth at Prades while maxima pCO2 at Montseny were often at 20-30 cm depth. A model based on gas diffusion theory was able to explain why soil pCO2 was much higher at Prades than at Montseny, and to reproduce the shape of the vertical profile of pCO2 at the Prades soils. Nevertheless, the model failed to simulate the soil pCO2 maximum found at 20-30 cm depth at the Montseny site. Model simulations using a time-variable CO2 production rate suggested that pCO2 maxima at intermediate depth could be the result of a transient situation instead of an equilibrium one.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellot, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lledó, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piñol, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escarré, A.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teller, A. and Mathy</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HYDROCHEMICAL BUDGETS, NUTRIENT CYCLES AND HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSES IN THE QUERCUS-ILEX-FOREST OF PRADES CATCHMENTS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RESPONSES OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrochemical budgets</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nutrient fluxes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water fluxes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELSEVIER APPL SCI PUBL LTD</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">389 - 396</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-85166-878-0</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this paper we present a perspective of the objetives in the Prades project, as well as some results of 7 years of study on Hydrochemical budgets, and water and nutrient fluxes in the holm-oak forest (bulk deposition, throughfall, stemflow, primary production, litterfall, runoff, etc)</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: RESPONSES OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: BARKING ESSEX</style></notes></record></records></xml>