<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordeiro, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blayo, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgacem, N M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandini, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pascoal Neto, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LeNest, J.-F</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork suberin as an additive in offset lithographic printing inks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Industrial Crops and Products</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Additive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rheological properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suberin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetable oil-based ink</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viscosity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waterless ink</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63-71</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suberin oligomers, isolated from cork (Quercus suber L.), were used as additives in ‘Waterless’ and vegetable-oil ink formulations, in the range of 2–10% w:w. The rheological behaviour of the suberin oligomers as well as of the inks, with and without suberin, were investigated as a function of temperature. It was shown that the addition of suberin induces a decrease of viscosity of both inks. The tack of pristine inks, suberin oligomers and their mixtures were determined at different temperatures: the variation of this parameter as a function of time provided information about the drying kinetics of these formulations. The tack of the ‘Waterless’ ink was found to increase with the introduction of suberin, whereas that of vegetable-oil based counterparts decreased. All the trends observed were interpreted in terms of the differences in composition between the two types of inks. Preliminary printing tests were carried out with the various suberin-containing inks</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordeiro, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgacem, M N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandini, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neto, C P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urethanes and polyurethanes from suberin 2: synthesis and characterization</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">glass transition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polyurethanes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suberin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thermal properties</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-10</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyurethanes based on suberin from cork of Quercus suber L. and conventional isocyanate monomers were prepared and fully characterized in terms of both structure (FTIR and H-1 NMR spectroscopy) and thermal properties (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis). Two fractions were systematically isolated, namely (i) methylene-chloride soluble products, which corresponded to linear and branched macromolecules and (ii) methylene-chloride insoluble products, representing the crosslinked material. The structures of these polymers were regular and no appreciable side reactions were detected. DSC analyses provided information about the glass transition temperature of both fractions and this parameter was correlated with the stiffness of the isocyanate used. The TGA of these polyurethanes showed that they started to degrade at about 175 degrees C and that the residue at 400 degrees C was around 50%. The highest amounts of insoluble fractions, as well as the highest T-g,s, were reached when an initial \{[\}NCO]/\{[\}OH] of unity was used. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordeiro, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgacem, M N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvestre, a J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pascoal Neto, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandini, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork suberin as a new source of chemicals. 1. Isolation and chemical characterization of its composition.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International journal of biological macromolecules</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaline methanolysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical characterization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular weight distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suberin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-80</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extractive-free cork from Quercus suber L. was submitted to a solvolysis treatment with methanolic NaOH which yielded 37% (o.d. cork) of suberin. This mixture of compounds was thoroughly characterized by FTIR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis, vapour pressure osmometry (VPO), mass spectrography (MS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). After derivatization, the main components of the volatile fraction, representing less than half of the total, were found to be omega-hydroxymonocarboxylates, alpha, omega-dicarboxylates, simple alkanoates and 1-alkanols, all with chain lengths ranging from C16 to C24. A second fraction, with an average molecular weight about three times higher, was detected by VPO, MS and GPC. The presence of this important fraction in cork suberin had not been recognized in earlier studies. Both fractions constitute interesting precursors for the elaboration of new materials.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9585884</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordeiro, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belgacem, N M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandini, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neto, C P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork suberin as a new source of chemicals: 2. Crystallinity, thermal and rheological properties</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioresource technology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaline methanolysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cork of Quercus suber L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crystallinity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Density</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rheological properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suberin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thermal characterization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">153-158</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suberin samples, obtained by alkaline methanolysis from cork (Quercus suber L.), were submitted to various physical characterizations; DSC, TGA, optical microscopy, density and rheological properties. A sub- stantial proportion of these oligomers possessed a microcrystalline character with a melting range between 0 and 50°C. The amorphous part was liquid at room temperature and did not display a detectable glass transition upon cooling because of its wide molecular weight distribution. The viscous behaviour of suberin at room temperature was both plastic and thixotropic because of the structuring role of the micro- crystals</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neto, C P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordeiro, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seca, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domingues, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandini, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert, D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isolation and characterization of a lignin-like polymer of the cork of Quercus suber L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HOLZFORSCHUNG</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lignin-like polymer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus Suber L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suberin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1996</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WALTER DE GRUYTER &amp; CO</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">563-568</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A lignin-like polymer was successfully extracted from the cork of Quercus suber L. using an organosolv-based technique. This material was characterized by elemental analysis, functional group analysis, nitrobenzene oxidation followed by HPLC analysis of the oxidation products, FTIR and liquid C-13 NMR. The evidence thus obtained indicated that the extracted material was composed mainly of a lignin-like polymer covalently bound to residual aliphatic structures which are not present in common lignins and which have been assigned to suberin. The latter is likely to be attached to the oxygenated side chains of the phenolic polymer but bonding through the aromatic ring can also be envisaged. No residual carbohydrates were detected. The phenolic polymer, composed mainly of guaiacyl-type units and small amounts of syringyl-type units, had a low methoxy content and a high degree of condensation. This polymer showed the presence of a fraction containing C6Cn units with n &lt; 3 or even n &lt; 2.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>