<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gratani, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varone, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catoni, R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relationship between net photosynthesis and leaf respiration in Mediterranean evergreen species</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthetica</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arbutus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cistus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrtus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phillyrea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q10</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seasonal course</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">temperature.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">567-573</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The relationship between net photosynthetic (PN) and leaf respiration (R) rates of Quercus ilex, Phillyrea latifolia, Myrtus communis, Arbutus unedo, and Cistus incanus was monitored in the period February 2006 to February 2007. The species investigated had low R and PN during winter, increasing from March to May, when mean air temperature reached 19.2 °C. During the favourable period, C. incanus and A. unedo had a higher mean PN (16.4±2.4 µmol m −2 s −1 ) than P. latifolia, Q. ilex, and M. communis (10.0±1.3 µmol m −2 s −1 ). The highest R (1.89±0.30 µmol m −2 s −1 , mean of the species), associated to a significant PN decrease (62 % of the maximum, mean value of the species), was measured in July (mean R/PN ratio 0.447±0.091). Q10, indicating the respiration sensitivity to short-term temperature increase, was in the range 1.49 to 2.21. Global change might modify R/PN determining differences in dry matter accumulation among the species, and Q. ilex and P. latifolia might be the most favoured species by their ability to maintain sufficiently higher PN and lower R during stress periods.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gratani, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varone, L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptive photosynthetic strategies of the Mediterranean maquis species according to their origin</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photosynthetica</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arbutus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cistus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">drought period</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phillyrea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistacia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">recovery capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosmarinus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal conductance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">551-558</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In consideration of their origin the adaptive strategies of the evergreen species of the Mediterranean maquis were analysed. Rosmarinus officinalis L., Erica arborea L., and Erica multiflora L. had the lowest net photosynthetic rate (PN) in the favourable period [7.8±0.6 µmol(CO2) m -2 s -1 , mean value], the highest PN decrease (on an average 86 % of the maximum) but the highest recovery capacity (&gt;70 % of the maximum) at the first rainfall in September. Cistus incanus L. and Arbutus unedo L. had the highest PN during the favourable period [15.5±5.2 µmol(CO2) m -2 s -1 , mean value], 79 % decrease during drought, and a lower recovery capacity (on an average 54 %). Quercus ilex L., Phillyrea latifolia L., and Pistacia lentiscus L. had an intermediate PN in the favourable period [9.2±1.3 µmol(CO2) m -2 s -1 , mean value], a lower reduction during drought (on an average 63 %), and a range from 62 % (Q. ilex and P. latifolia) to 39 % (P. lentiscus) of recovery capacity. The Mediterranean species had higher decrease in PN and stomatal conductance during drought and a higher recovery capacity than the pre-Mediterranean species. Among the pre-Mediterranean species, P. latifolia had the best adaptation to long drought periods also by its higher leaf mass per area (LMA) which lowered leaf temperature thus decreasing transpiration rate during drought. Moreover, its leaf longevity determined a more stable leaf biomass during the year. Among the Mediteranean species, R. officinalis was the best adapted species to short drought periods by its ability to rapidly recover. Nevertheless, R. officinalis had the lowest tolerance to high temperatures by its PN dropping below half its maximum value when leaf temperature was over 33.6 °C. R. officinalis may be used as a bioindicator species of global change.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beyschlag, Wolfram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pfanz, Hardy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryel, Ronald J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botanik, Lehrstuhl</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Universitfit, I. I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dallenbergweg, Mittlerer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Republic, Federal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science, Range</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal patchiness in Mediterranean evergreen sclerophylls Phenomenology and consequences for the interpretation of the midday depression in photosynthesis and transpiration</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Planta</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arbutus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediterranean</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sclerophyll</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stomate (control-patchiness)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">187</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">546 - 553</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Midday depression of net photosynthesis and transpiration in the Mediterranean sclerophylls Arbutus unedo L. and Quercus suber L. occurs with a depression of mesophyll photosynthetic activity as indicated by cal- culated carboxylation efficiency (CE) and constant diur- nal calculated leaf intercellular partial pressure of CO 2 (Ci). This work examines the hypothesis that this midday depression can be explained by the distribution of patches of either wide-open or closed stomata on the leaf surface, independent of a coupling mechanism between stomata and mesophyll that results in a midday depres- sion of photosynthetic activity of the mesophyll. Pressure infiltration of four liquids differing in their surface ten- sion was used as a method to show the occurrence of stomatal patchiness and to determine the status of sto- matal aperture within the patches. Liquids were selected such that the threshold leaf conductance necessary for infiltration through the stomatal pores covered the ex- pected diurnal range of calculated leaf conductance (g) for these species. Infiltration experiments were carried out with leaves of potted plants under simulated Mediterranean summer conditions in a growth chamber. For all four liquids, leaves of both species were found to be fully infiltratable in the morning and in the late after- noon while during the periods leading up to and away from midday the leaves showed a pronounced patchy distribution of infiltratable and non-infiltratable areas. Similar linear relationships between the amount of liquid infiltrated and g (measured by porometry prior to de- tachment and infiltration) for all liquids clearly revealed the existence of pneumatically isolated patches containing only wide-open or closed stomata. The good correspon- dence between the midday depression of CE, calculated * Dedicated to Professor Otto L. Lange on the occasion of his 65th birthday ** To whom correspondence should be addressed Abbreviations: A = net photosynthesis rate; Ci = actual leaf internal CO2 partial pressure; Ci *=apparent leaf internal CO2 partial pressure; CE = actual carboxylation efficiency; CE* = apparent car- boxylation efficiency; E = transpiration rate; g = leaf conductance under the assumption of no stomatal patchiness, and the diurnal changes in non-infiltratable leaf area strongly indicates that the apparent reduction in mesophyll activ- ity results from assuming no stomatal patchiness. It is suggested that simultaneous responses of stomata and mesophyll activity reported for other species may also be attributed to the occurrence of stomatal patchiness. In Quercus coccifera L., where the lack of constant diurnal calculated C i and major depression of measured CE at noontime indicates different stomatal behavior, non- linear and dissimilar relationships between g and the infiltratable quantities of the four liquids were found. This indicates a wide distribution of stomatal aperture on the leaf surface rather than only wide-open or closed stomata.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>