<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>47</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">García Vallejo, M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varea, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cadahia, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández de Simón, B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INFLUENCIA DE LA &quot;MANCHA AMARILLA&quot; SOBRE LA COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA DEL CORCHO Y LA PRESENCIA DE TCA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">III Congreso Forestal Español</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">yellow stain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The anomaly of cork known as &quot;yellow stain&quot; has been considered as the main responsible for the presence, in some cork stoppers, of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), compound that confers the &quot;cork taint&quot; to wine. In this Communication, a comparative study on the chemical composition of cork (suberin, waxes, polyphenols, holocellulose and lignin) and on the presence of chloroanisoles and chlorophenols is carried out with samples of healthy cork and cork affected with that anomaly. The cork with &quot;yellow stain&quot; differed from the healthy cork because of the presence of TCA and the low content of tannins.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;periodical: III Congreso Forestal Español&lt;br/&gt;issue: 1995&lt;br/&gt;pub-location: Granada</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martins, C. M. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mesquita, S. M. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaz, W. L. C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cuticular waxes of the holm (Quercus ilex l. subsp. ballota (desf.) samp.) and cork (Q. suber l.) oaks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Analysis</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cuticle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cuticular waxes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus ilex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercus suber</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(199901/02)10:1&lt;1::AID-PCA420&gt;3.0.CO2-J</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 5</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The epicuticular leaf waxes of young leaves of the Holm oak (Quercus ilex L. ssp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) and the cork oak (Q suber L.) were extracted in chloroform and separated into their constituent wax classes by preparative thin layer and high pressure liquid chromatography. The wax coverage was about 125 μg/cm2 in Q. suber and about 71 μg/cm2 in Q. ilex. The main classes encountered (by weight) were odd chain n-alkanes (9% in Q. ilex, and 4–27% in Q. suber) and even chain amphiphilic compounds. The major classes of amphiphilic compounds were n-alkan-1-ols (20–27% in Q. ilex, and 18–50% in Q. suber), n-alkanals (&lt;3% in Q. ilex, and up to 25% in Q. suber), n-alkanoic acids (11–12% in Q. ilex, and &lt;5% in Q. suber) and n-alkyl esters (50–56% in Q. ilex, and 25–45% in Q. suber). The major components of each class, identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry were C29 for the n-alkanes (54–58% in Q. ilex, and 47–57% in Q. suber), C24 for the n-alkan-1-ols (78–87% in Q. ilex, and 77–93% in Q. suber), C30 for the n-alkanals (up to 57% in Q. ilex, and up to 77% in Q. suber), C22 and C24 for the n-alkanoic acids in Q. ilex (39–62%) and C30 in Q. suber (49%). The n-alkyl esters were composed mainly from C22 and C24n-alkanoic acids (∼38%) and n-alkan-1-ols (43–54%) in Q. ilex, whereas in Q. suber these esters were composed mainly from C22 and C24n-alkanoic acids (44–52%) and C20 and C22n-alkan-1-ols (32–66%). In addition to the above compounds, trace amounts (&lt;5%) of C28 and C30n-alkenes and the triterpenone, friedelin, were encountered in Q. suber and both plant waxes contained small amounts of the triterpenols α- and β-amyrin (5–9% of the total alkanol content). The variability observed in the chemical composition of the leaf waxes were attributable to seasonal causes and/or leaf age. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conde, Elvira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cadahía, Estrella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia-Vallejo, Maria Conceptión</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonźalez-Adrados, José Ramón</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Characterization of Reproduction Cork from Spanish Quercus Suber</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cork</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">suberin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">waxes (voyant)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773819809349592</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">447 - 469</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abstract The chemical composition of Quercus suber reproduction cork was studied in planks from three different trees at different stages of their industrial processing and in samples collected in seven locations in the three main Spanish production areas. Extracts in chloroform, methanol and water, ne[ugrave]tral and acid fractions of waxes, suberin, lignin, holocellulose and pentosans, and polyphenols (low molecular weight polyphenols and tannins), were quantified. Suberin was the main component in all the samples, followed by lignin and holocellulose in lower concentrations. The most affected variables throughout the industrial processing were: lignin, chloroform and water extracts and the acid fraction of waxes. These variables did not allow one to distinguish the studied trees, which are differentiated by the percentages of methanol extracts, the tannic fraction of polyphenols, the free of suberin residue and the holocellulose content. Four variables were selected as those which provided the greatest discrimination among provenances: methanol extract, low molecular weight polyphenols, desuberinized residue and acid fraction of waxes. However, the studied populations can not be clearly distinguished by their chemical composition and no relationship was found between geographical proximity of their provenances and chemical resemblance.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">doi: 10.1080/02773819809349592doi: 10.1080/02773819809349592The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:&lt;br/&gt;publisher: Taylor &amp; Francis</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereira, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baptista, C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of raw-material quality and process parameters in the production of insulation cork agglomerates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Journal of Wood and Wood Products</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CORK AGGLOMERATES</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raw materials</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trituration behaviour (Voyant)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1993///</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/index/A531LJ64J88M8K34.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">301 - 308</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">{Insulation cork agglomerates are produced with different low-cost raw-materials unsuitable for other products: virgin corks (from prunmgs, thinnings anti dead trees), reproduction corks (refuse and underaged) and industrial byproducts (corkback strips). These materials were analysed in relation to chemical composition, struc- ture and trituration behaviour. The industrial byproducts diffcr significantly from the other materials due to the presence of an important amount of the unsubcriscd lignocellulosic phlocm (the back of the corkboards) in a way that is detrimental to the agglomeration process. The influence of raw-material, granulometry and process parameters (time, temperature and pressure} were studied using an experimental autoclave. Temperature is the deter- mining factor for agglomeration. Insufficient adhesion is obtained under 230 ~C and adequate agglomeration is attained only with temperatures in the range 230 300 &quot;C. corresponding to inass losses of 10 25%.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>